The objective of this study was to compare utilization of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by lactating dairy cows. Red clover and alfalfa were harvested and conserved as silage at two maturities in 2 consecutive yr. Each year, diets containing experimental forages and supplemental grain were fed to 16 multiparous Holstein cows in early lactation in a replicat...

Foci of cells infected with human cytomegalovirus were noted to stain more intensely than uninfected cells with neutral red, and this provided the basis for development of a plaque assay and plaque reduction neutralization test for cytomegalovirus. Plaques demonstrable by neutral red staining could be counted at 8 days after infection; thus, results could be obtained earlier than for plaque ass...

Changes in neutral sugar and organic acid content of guard cells were quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography during stomatal opening in different light qualities. Sonicated Vicia faba epidermal peels were irradiated with 10 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 of blue light, a fluence rate insufficient for the activation of guard cell photosynthesis, or 125 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 of red light, in the presen...

Uptake signal sequences are DNA motifs that promote DNA uptake by competent bacteria in the family Pasteurellaceae and the genus Neisseria. The genomes of these bacteria contain many copies of their canonical uptake sequence (often >100-fold overrepresentation), so the bias of the uptake machinery causes cells to prefer DNA derived from close relatives over DNA from other sources. However, the ...

We report a polymeric micelle drug delivery system, which enables selective intracellular uptake with external thermal stimulation, and effective release of a drug at internal acidic endosomal pH. We developed a dual temperatureand pH-responsive polymeric micelle composed of a temperatureresponsive corona segment with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-dimethylacrylamide) [P(NIPAAm-coDMAAm)] and a p...

The aim of this study was to compare four in vitro cytotoxicity assays and determine their ability to detect early cytotoxic events. Two hepatoma cell lines, namely HTC and HepG2 cells, were exposed to cadmium chloride (0-300 microM) for 3, 5 and 8 h. Following exposure to the toxic metal cytotoxicity was determined with the lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay (LDH), a protein assay, the neutra...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the value of microarthroscopy in the equine midcarpal joint using the vital stains methylene blue, trypan blue, neutral red, and Janus green B to observe components of the synovial lamina propria, vascular architecture, and synoviocytes. STUDY DESIGN Experimental. ANIMALS Ten horses. METHODS Microarthroscopy of left and right midcarpal joints was performed with and w...

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely commercialised engineered nanomaterials, because of their antimicrobial properties. They are already commonly used in medical devices, household products and industry. Concerns have been raised about potential adverse health effects due to increasing dispersion of AgNPs in the environment. The present study examined the cytotoxic effects of...

Mixed fluorescent and incandescent light increased growth and sink strength of the uppermost young shoot of rose plants (Rosa hybrida cv. Marimba) in comparison to pure fluorescent light. This was manifested by increased apical dominance. Monochromatic low-energy red light, given by means of optic fibers for 24 hours to shoot tips that had been previously darkened for 5 days, increased the tran...