Stereotaxic subthalamotomy of 55 patients with cerebral palsy gave a good result in 65% of the selected cases. The result was uncertain in 15 and poor in 20%. An independent socio-medical follow-up study confirmed the clinical finding. The more rapid the involuntary movements, the better was the effect of subthalamotomy. Intention tremor was the most suitable symptom for stereotaxic treatment. ...

Medical evidence is obtainable from approaches, which might be descriptive, analytic and integrative and ranked into levels of evidence, graded according to quality and summarized into strengths of recommendation. Sources of evidence range from expert opinions through well-randomized control trials to meta-analyses. The conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in maki...

This paper is an introduction in surgical indications of the pituitary tumours, representing a therapeutic option with interest, both for endocrinologists and for neurosurgeons. We present an etiopathogenic classification of the pituitary adenomas and a few considerations concerning their evolution. In conclusion: the indication for surgery is based on the morphologic evolution of the tumour, a...

While diversity in organized medicine has undoubtedly improved, a disparity remains the racial and gender makeup of its constituents. This is not distributed equally among all specialties practice. The surgical subspecialties exemplify this phenomenon by having large gaps between number women racial/ethnic minorities compared to their majority counterparts. Pertaining neurosurgery US, gap subst...

667 The education climate in Canadian medical schools has changed dramatically over the past ten years. A growing and aging population has demanded significant increases in medical school enrollment, with a focus on producing primary care physicians. Despite doubling the number of graduating medical students during this time (Figure 1), the number of candidates applying to Neurosurgery has rema...

The neuronal basis of consciousness is the greatest challenge to the scientific worldview. Much relevant empirical work is carried out on the minimal neuronal mechanisms underlying any one specific conscious percept. Two broad approaches are popular among brain scientists: electrophysiological recordings from individual neurons in the cortex of behaving monkeys or behavior combined with functio...

ING AND INDEXING

Recent advances in neuro-imaging and stereotactic and computer technology gave birth to minimally invasive keyhole surgery to the extent that the scale of neurosurgical procedures, demanded by patients, will soon be so small that it will not be within the capability of the most gifted and skilled neurosurgeons of today. Neurosurgical robotics is the natural progression in this field. Furthermor...

Technological developments in imaging guidance, intraoperative imaging, and microscopy have pushed neurosurgeons to the limits of their dexterity and stamina. The introduction of robotically assisted surgery has provided surgeons with improved ergonomics and enhanced visualization, dexterity, and haptic capabilities. This article provides a historical perspective on neurosurgical robots, includ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Review of the anesthetic considerations for neuroendoscopy and stereotactic procedures. RECENT FINDINGS Minimally invasive procedures are increasingly applied in novel ways in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological pathologies. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy, endoscopic shunt revisions and drainage of intraventricular hematoma using a neuroendoscope have become routin...