Sedation is used almost universally in the care of critically ill patients, especially in those who require mechanical ventilatory support or other life-saving invasive procedures. This review will focus on the sedation strategies for critically ill patients and the pharmacology of commonly used sedative agents. The role of neuromuscular blocking agents in the ICU will be examined and the pharm...

31-year-old female with hypersensitivity to local anesthetics and neuromuscular blocking agents presented for emergency Cesarean section. We successfully performed I-gel-assisted tracheal intubation without using neuromuscular blockers. We believe this method would be helpful in selected situations.

Friedreich's Ataxia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease. FA is clinically characterized by progressive ataxia, especially loss of reflex and power in the lower extremities, spasticity and loss of proprioceptive sensory. There is an increased sensitivity to non-depolarizing muscle relaxants in neurodegenerative diseases. Care must be taken of anesthesia management for the use of volatile ...

Background: Sugammadex selectively binds steroidal neuromuscular blocking drugs, leading to reversal of neuromuscular blockade. The authors developed a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model for reversal of neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex, assuming that reversal results from a decrease of free drug in plasma and/or neuromuscular junction. The model was applied for predicting the interaction...

Residual neuromuscular blockade (RNmB) is always a potential concern for anesthesiologists. However, there is no uniformity and/or universal protocol (because it constantly keeps evolving) in regards to neuromuscular blocking drugs (NmBds) administrations based on peri-operative neuromuscular monitoring as well as tracheal extubations guided by neuromuscular monitoring. moreover, neuromuscular ...

Objective: General anesthesia requires smooth endotracheal intubation, aided by neuromuscular blocking agents. Atracurium and cis-atracurium are non-depolarizing agents used for muscle relaxation. Succinylcholine, though effective, has undesirable side effects. This study aims to compare atracurium different doses of assess their onset, duration, recovery, hemodynamic effects, in order identify...

Anesthesiologists perceive that the ideal muscle relaxant is not yet available, particularly the nondepolarizing one with a rapid onset and a short duration of action. There is also a need for relaxants with different durations of action but which would be free from side effects. During the process of this development several new compounds have been tested and four have reached an advanced stat...

Sugammadex, a modified gamma-cyclodextrin, has changed clinical practice of neuromuscular reversal dramatically. With the introduction of this selective relaxant binding agent, rapid and reliable neuromuscular reversal from any depth of block became possible. Sugammadex can reverse neuromuscular blockade without the muscarinic side effects typically associated with the administration of acetylc...