In this paper, we address a cooperative game application to supply chain management. Specifically, we study a distribution system where a set of retailers may order for a single product from a unique supplier to satisfy a deterministic and constant rate demand of final customers. Each retailer, when ordering for a quantity of product, has to pay a fixed ordering cost and a transportation cost. ...

In the late 1980s, grain-hauling railroads began offering alternatives that have made shipping decisions more strategic. Shippers now confront alternatives ranging from nearby and unguaranteed ordering to various durations of forward and guaranteed shipment. Each has varying penalties for cancellation and payments from the railroad for nonperformance, and differing risks and payoffs. Because of...

Inventory control with unknown demand distribution is considered, with emphasis placed on the case involving discrete nonperishable items. We focus on an adaptive policy which in every period uses, as much as possible, the optimal newsvendor ordering quantity for the empirical distribution learned up to that period. The policy is assessed using the regret criterion, which measures the price pai...

The utility problem occurs when the cost of the acquired knowledge outweighs its benefits. When the learner acquires control knowledge for speeding up a problem solver, the benefit is the speedup gained due to the better control, and the cost is the added time required by the control procedure due to the added knowledge. Previous work in this area was mainly concerned with the costs of matching...

ABSTRACT Third-party funding is a recent yet rapidly growing phenomenon in investment arbitration. While it enables investors lacking funds to pursue remedies against States, exposes States greater risk of inability recover arbitration costs. Against this background, article examines the legal principles on security for costs and, contrary view several tribunals and commentators, argues that ca...

Skyrocketing costs of prescription medications in the USA pose a significant threat to the financial viability of safety net clinics that opt to supply medications at low to no out-of-pocket costs to patients. At the East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership clinic of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, a physician-directed student-run comprehensive primary care clinic for uninsured adul...

The objective of this study was to evaluate, in a controlled clinical trial, the costs of standardized one-stage ultrasound screening in pregnancy in relation to the reduction in perinatal mortality. A trial population of 9310 pregnant women was randomly allocated to ultrasound screening or a control group. Two obstetric hospitals and 64 recruiting antenatal health centers were involved. The co...

BACKGROUND Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, classically caused by maternal-fetal incompatibility of the Rh blood group D antigen, can be prevented by RhIG prophylaxis. While prophylactic practices for pregnant women with serologic weak D phenotypes vary widely, RHD genotyping could provide clear guidance for management. This analysis evaluated the financial implications of using RHD ...

This paper investigates the shortand long-run relationship between domestic wealth, capital stock and the net foreign asset position of industrialised and developing countries. Using cointegration techniques, a link between output per capita, the stock of public debt and age distribution on saving, investment and hence, the net external wealth of countries is established. Public debt, GDP per c...