p62, which is also called sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), plays a critical role in neuronal cell death. However, the role of p62 in axonal degeneration remains unclear. We evaluated whether the modulation of p62 expression may affect axonal loss in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced optic nerve degeneration. Immunoblot analysis showed that p62 was upregulated in the optic nerve after intravitreal inj...

Optic nerve section in the newborn rat results in a rapid apoptotic degeneration of most axotomized retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This massive process of neuronal death has been ascribed mainly to the interruption of a trophic factor supply from target structures rather than to the axonal damage per se. To distinguish between these two possibilities, we induced a reversible axonal transport bl...

An early hallmark of neuronal degeneration is distal transport loss and axon pathology. Glaucoma involves the degeneration of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) neurons and their axons in the optic nerve. Here we show that, like other neurodegenerations, distal axon injury appears early in mouse glaucoma. Where RGC axons terminate in the superior colliculus, reduction of active transport follows a ret...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neurolymphomatosis is a rare manifestation of hematological malignancy and is characterized by direct infiltration of the peripheral nervous system. The objective of this study was to identify the clinical and electrophysiological features of neurolymphomatosis. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 13 patients with neurolymphomatosis. Seven (54%) o...

A 62 year old male hypertensive patient with known diabetes mellitus and diVuse arteriopathy was admitted for cardiac failure. On hospital day 2, septic shock due to an unidentified micro-organism, encephalopathy, and flaccid paraplegia developed. On day 4, dry gangrene of all toes and progressive coma appeared. He died on hospital day 22 of multiorgan failure. Nerve conduction studies carried ...

Dopamine agonists used to manage Parkinsonian motor symptoms have been suggested to be neuroprotective. The study was designed to assess the neuroprotective potential of the D(3)/D(2)/D(1) dopamine receptor agonist rotigotine in the acute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease by measuring mesencephalic degenerating neurons using FluoroJa...

Glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disease, has varied pathogenesis scenario, including elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and hypoxic conditions in the retina. Consequently, degenerating optic axons at nerve head are observed clinically when extensive damage already occurred. Following IOP, changes retinal ganglion cells lead to apoptosis immediately followed by degeneration of their axons. Degra...

The histology of pseudorabies differs materially in various animal species. In the rabbit, subcutaneous, intradermal or intramuscular inoculation leads to local inflammation and necrosis. The infection ascends the peripheral nerve (possibly both interstitially and by the axis-cylinders) to the corresponding spinal ganglia and segments of the spinal cord, where primary degeneration of nerve and ...

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) often leads to neurotrophic ulcerations in the cornea and skin; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms of this complication are poorly understood. Here, we used post-wound corneal sensory degeneration and regeneration as a model and tested the hypothesis that diabetes adversely affects DC populations and infiltration, resulting in disrupted DC-nerve com...

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and their receptors play fundamental roles in neuronal death during diseases. T-cell receptors (TCR) function as MHCI receptor on T-cells and both MHCI and a key component of TCR, CD3ζ, are expressed by mouse retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and displaced amacrine cells. Mutation of these molecules compromises the development of RGCs. We inv...