A study of nephrotic syndrome in pediatric patients admitted in Gandhi and Niloufer hospital, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, is presented here with special emphasis on serum protein levels and lipid profile. Out of the total cases, more than half were males with onset before 5 years of age. A definite significant inverse correlation existed between T. protein & triglycerides; albumin & triglyceride...

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a common chronic illness characterized by massive proteinuria and hypo-albuminemia in children. Baseline treatment is 6 month-corticotherapy. In cases of steroid resistant/dependent INS several types of treatment are used, including course of methyloprednisolone "pulses", alkylating agents, cyclosporin A, levamisole and mycophenolate mofetil. It has been s...

BACKGROUND In nephrotic syndrome, damage to the podocytes of the kidney produces severe hypercholesterolemia for which novel treatments are urgently needed. PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) has emerged as an important regulator of plasma cholesterol levels and therapeutic target. Here, we tested the role of PCSK9 in mediating the hypercholesterolemia of nephrotic syndrome. ...

Nephrotic patients are at risk of developing venous and arterial thromboses. Various organ manifestations have been reported. Intracardiac thrombi associated with multiorgan thrombosis have been reported in autopsy in the earlier literature, but there is only one case report in living patients with nephrotic syndrome. Here we report a 9-year-old boy with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome who...

In nephrotic syndrome, aberrant glomerular filtration of plasminogen and conversion to active plasmin in preurine are thought to activate proteolytically epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and contribute to sodium retention and edema. The ENaC blocker amiloride is an off-target inhibitor of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in vitro. It was hypothesized that uPA is abnormally filtered to...

BACKGROUND Nephrotic syndrome confers an acquired prothrombotic phenotype due to the urinary loss of anticoagulant proteins.Patients with reactivation of nephrotic syndrome may develop thrombosis. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a life-threatening cerebral venous thrombosis in a 13 year-old boy affected by a relapse of nephrotic syndrome during a P. aeruginosa otitis/mastoiditis. Due ...

The term 'minimal change nephrotic syndrome' has become synonymous with the expression 'steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome', the latter term having the merit of focusing on the most important objective characteristic of the condition. Nevertheless, it is somewhat illogical to define this condition by a negative histological feature, which in the majority of cases remains a presumption inferr...

in renal function did not differ during and after pregnancy in both groups ofpatients. Serum creatinine concentration and creatinine clearance showed the same kind of alterations that are generally observed in healthy pregnant women.5 The nephrotic syndrome occurred temporarily during the third trimester of pregnancy in three of the seven diabetic women with pre-existing microalbuminuria but in...

A 77-year-old woman was diagnosed nephrotic syndrome with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM). Renal biopsy revealed MPGN-like lesions with extensive glomerular capillary thrombi which were positive for anti-IgM and anti-lambda-light chain immunofluorescence. The electron microscopy showed characteristic thrombi intra glomerular capillary walls which were occupied with a lot of vacuoles. These...

Paraneoplastic nephropathy is a rare complication of malignant disease. We present a case of cervical cancer with biopsy-proven membranous nephropathy and associated nephrotic syndrome. Irradiation to the specific neoplasm site and to the metastatic paraaortic lymph node tissues lead to regression of the nephrotic syndrome without causing severe adverse events. Radiation therapy can be the firs...