Neonatal animals are generally very susceptible to infection with bacterial pathogens. However, we recently reported that neonatal mice are highly resistant to orogastric infection with Yersinia enterocolitica. Here, we show that proinflammatory responses greatly exceeding those in adults arise very rapidly in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) of neonates. High-level induction of proinflammatory...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate serial interleukin 6 (IL6) levels in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Subjects included 255 neonates from the Neonatal Unit of Johannesburg Hospital evaluated for suspected sepsis between February and May 1998. All infants had IL6, full blood count (FBC), C reactive protein (CRP) and blood cultures done at presentation. CRP and IL6 were ...

Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of acute diarrhoea in children worldwide. The structural and functional consequences of mammalian rotavirus infection in the small intestine have been incompletely studied and the mechanism of enterocyte damage poorly defined. This study used a neonatal rat model of group B rotavirus infection to study the natural history, clinical features, and the ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test whether symptoms of maternal infections during pregnancy and indicators of postnatal infections predict development of islet autoimmunity in children at genetically increased risk of type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 871 children with type 1 diabetes-associated HLA genotypes born in Denver, Colorado, and 391 siblings or offspri...

The adrenal hemorrhage is a relatively rare event in newborns but must be considered in the presence of a persistent unexplained jaundice, especially in presence of predisposing factors. Serial ultrasonography is the modality of choice for initial diagnosis and follow-up of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage. We report two cases of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage presenting with persistent jaundice. The c...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects most children in the first year of life and is a major single cause of hospitalization in infants and young children. There is no effective vaccine, and antibody generated by primary neonatal infection is poorly protective against reinfection even with antigenically homologous viral strains. Studying the immunological basis of these observations in neon...

OBJECTIVE(S) Bacterial infection contributes substantially to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is difficult because clinical signs are non-specific. We have evaluated serum IL-6, 8 and 10 as potential early diagnostic markers of neonatal infection and their relationship to mortality rate and poor prognosis. Materials and Methods : A total of 84 infants, aged ...

Neonatal pneumonia is reported to be the primary cause of neonatal respiratory failure and one of the common causes of neonatal hospitalization and death in developing countries. Chest X-ray was considered the gold standard for diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia. Lung ultrasonography has been described as a valuable noninvasive tool for the diagnosis of many neonatal pulmonary diseases. We report ...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of infantile bronchiolitis and hospitalization. Severe RSV disease is associated with the development of wheezing in later life. In a mouse model of the delayed effects of RSV, the age at primary infection determines responses to reinfection in adulthood. During primary RSV infection, neonatal BALB/c mice developed only mild disease and recru...

We reviewed studies that reported results of systematic cytomegalovirus (CMV) screening on fetuses and/or live-born infants. The overall birth prevalence of congenital CMV infection was 0.64%, but varied considerably among different study populations. About 11% of live-born infants with congenital CMV infection were symptomatic, but the inter-study differences in definitions of symptomatic case...