Unlike adult damage, neonatal damage to the inferior prefrontal convexity (IC) in monkeys spares learning and performance on the delayed nonmatching-to-sample (DNMS) task ( Málková et al. 2000). We investigated whether this sparing was due to compensation by undamaged orbital frontal cortex (O), an area also critical for DNMS, by comparing combined IC and O damage (Neo-ICO) with damage to O alo...

Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, the citrus-leafminer, is an important pest of citrus worldwide. Knowledge of natural parasitism levels is fundamental to the establishment of tactics of management and control of this species. This work aimed to evaluate the parasitism in two citrus orchards, one of ‘Montenegrina’ (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) and the other of ‘Murcott’ (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck x C. r...

Gastroduodenal motility has been described in several avian species. In domestic turkeys (Melagridis gallapavo; Duke et al. 1972, Dziuk and Duke 1972), chickens (Gallus gallus; Roche et al. 1971), Cedar Waxwings (Bombycilla cedorum; Levey and Duke 1993), and Leach's Storm-Petrels (Oceanodroma leuchoroa; Duke et al. 1989), the sequence begins with contraction of the pair of thin muscles of the m...

Y chromosomes often degenerate via the accumulation of pseudogenes and transposable elements. By contrast, little is known about X-chromosome degeneration. Here we compare the pseudogenization process between genes on the neo-sex chromosomes in Drosophila miranda and their autosomal orthologues in closely related species. The pseudogenization rate on the neo-X is much lower than the rate on the...

Beginning in 1993, Florida’s citrus industry has been invaded by citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), brown citrus aphid (Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy, Homoptera: Aphididae), and the Asian citrus psylla (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, Homoptera: Psyllidae). The source(s) of these pests remain unknown but other countries in the Caribbean, as well as Centra...

Speciesists believe that membership in a particular species is morally relevant. Morally relevant properties entitle their possessors to have their interests considered preferentially relative to those individuals who lack that property. Those dispensing consideration incur obligations or, minimally, options, to act with bias. As a matter of fact, all known speciesists are human speciesists, no...

The investigated section cropping out in Kuh-e-Banesh, Zagros basin (southern Iran) is represented by limestone, Cherty beds and marllevels bearing abundant Planktonic foraminifers, radiolarian microfaunas, and ammonite imprints. For the first time, well to moderatelypreserved forms of Planktonic foraminifera have been extracted from black shale and marls levels. Extracted biota was studied wit...