Today I want to discuss a famous example of his, described in Stone (1970, 1976, 1982). In technical jargon, he shows that “a finitely additive measure on the free group with two generators is nonconglomerable.” In English: even for a simple problem with a discrete parameters space, flat priors can lead to surprises. Fortunately, we don’t need to know anything about free groups to understand th...

ion Size (# information sets) A X Y To determine our payoff at A, we need to know the distribution over the opponent being in X and Y. Recursive tree walk algorithm: PASS FORWARDS: An array of probabilities of the opponent being in each of their information sets (X and Y) RETURN: Our value at our information set, given the opponent distribution. Only visits each game state once. But in big doma...

About SLEPc Technical Reports: These reports are part of the documentation of slepc, the Scalable Library for Eigenvalue Problem Computations. They are intended to complement the Users Guide by providing technical details that normal users typically do not need to know but may be of interest for more advanced users.

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Designing three-dimensional models using a tool like Google SketchUp is an attractive and inspiring activity fostering spatial thinking and visual creativity. The basic functions of SketchUp are easy to learn (low threshold). But more demanding design projects require computational thinking. This paper discusses some informatics concepts 3D-desigers need to know to be able to use SketchUp effic...

A large number of interesting organocatalytic enantioselective protocols have been explored and successfully applied in the last decade. Among them, the Henry (nitroaldol) reaction represents a powerful carbon-carbon bond-forming procedure for the preparation of valuable synthetic intermediates, such as enantioenriched nitro alcohols, which can be further transformed in a number of important ni...

One key message from our report, and from the Institute's sister report on Government Transitions, is that preparation and planning by all these groups is key. We offer this brief guide to what the implications of a hung parliament would be. Where relevant, references are made to the draft Chapter 6 of the new Cabinet Manual that is being published by the Cabinet Office. This was also the subje...

This chapter will focus on the first two questions. The last question is equally important — of course we need to know the best way to make predictions, perform diagnoses and make strategic decisions — but in the absence of a well-entrenched mathematical calculus of causality, the answers given to the last question tend to depend on the answers provided to the first two questions. Standard resp...

Previous developmental research on pedagogy has focused on children’s inferences as learners. Here we look at children’s inferences as teachers. We explore the hypothesis that young children consider the goal of the learner and rationally provide evidence that is both informative and cost-efficient. Given a toy with an ambiguous causal structure, children selectively performed costly actions to...