Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a commonly-diagnosed chronic sleep disorder. It is considered to be an important independent risk factor in the development of insulin resistance (IR). Patients with OSAHS exhibit a variety of metabolic disorders, including obesity and metabolic syndrome. Visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin (vaspin) is an adipokine that is considered to be...

RATIONALE The treatment of choice for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) during sleep, but dryness of the upper airway compromises compliance. Heated humidifiers may mitigate such noncompliance; however, recent observations suggest that their use, particularly if not cleaned, increases the risk of respiratory infections. Humidifier water may be co...

Abstract Background The most common cause of respiratory failure in premature infants is distress syndrome. Historically, syndrome has been treated by intratracheal surfactant injection followed mechanical ventilation. In view the risk pulmonary injury associated with ventilation and subsequent chronic lung disease, less invasive treatment modalities have suggested to reduce complications. Meth...

Background: Early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) has emerged as a primary modality of respiratory support for preterm infants withrespiratory distress syndrome (RDS). However, 30%-40% of these newborns need subsequent mechanical ventilation. Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is a promising alternative to NCPAP, especially in po...

Background: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is an effective method of ventilation in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Using an appropriate nasal skin care protocol is identical to prevention or reduction of nasal skin breakdown in those who receive NCPAP. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an evidence-based clinical care protocol on nasal sk...

The calibre of the upper airway is thought to be dependant upon its passive anatomy/collapsibility and the activation of pharyngeal dilator muscles. During awake periods, the more collapsible upper airway in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) increases the dilator muscle activity through a negative-pressure reflex. A direct correlation between the critical closing pressure (P(crit)), as a measure o...

The demand for diagnostic and therapeutic services for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) showed marked growth during the 1990s. This paper analyses the long-term cost-effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) treatment in comparison to conventional null treatment. A Markov model was used to represent the natural history of OSAS based upon published evidence. Util...

A woman in her 50s was referred to our department with the chief complaint of nasal congestion and pharyngeal discomfort. The patient had been diagnosed with sleep apnea at the Department of Internal Medicine, and had undergone nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) therapy, but her response to the treatment was poor. A cystic lesion occupying the nasopharynx, which was detected by n...

Synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (SNIPPV) is noninvasive respiratory support that delivers ventilator breaths via the nasal prongs.We hypothesized that SNIPPV is more effective than nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in premature neonates due to decreased work of breathing (WOB). Fifteen infants (BW: 1,367 325 g, GA: 29.5 2.4 weeks) were studied on (a...