CONTEXT Few nationally representative studies have examined the prevalence and predictors of emergency contraception use or of receipt of counseling about the method. The impact of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's 2006 approval of behind-the-counter sales of the method to women aged 18 and older remains to be seen; therefore, understanding patterns of use and counseling before the 2006 p...

costly. This paper investigated the manufacture of double crowned gears by traditional gear shaving machine. Taguchi Method was applied to find critical parameters in the shaving process and the transmission error had also been improved through the process of robust design.

The aim of the article is to provide a comprehensive survey of formal methods currently widely used to model the gradation of beliefs. Thus, it brings together in an insightful way several frameworks representing probabilistic, multi-valued and graded modalities’ approaches. They enable to express, in various manners, uncertainty of agents’ beliefs and, even more, the process of persuasion whic...

Although Advance Selling and Probabilistic Selling differ in both motivation and implementation, we argue that they share a common characteristic—both offer consumers a choice involving buyer uncertainty. We develop a formal model to examine the general economics of purchase options that involve buyer uncertainty, explore the differences in buyer uncertainty created via these two strategies, an...

We provide a formal model of entrepreneurship in human development. The framework is provided by the capabilities approach (CA). Hence we extend not only the conceptualisation of entrepreneurship in development, but the reach of the CA into entrepreneurship. From a CA view, entrepreneurship is not only a production factor, or a means to an end, as is often taken to be the case by economists, bu...