The health care industry with its overburdening reliance on innovation, and patents, depends on medicinal ecological knowledge to derive eco-friendly products with minimum side effects from plants and other natural genetic resources. Most indigenous and local communities are situated in world’s most biological rich and diverse, areas with abundance in natural resources, however economically dis...

Since the widespread use of exogenous lung surfactant to treat neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, premature infant survival and respiratory morbidity have dramatically improved. Despite the effectiveness of the animal-derived surfactant preparations, there still remain some concerns and difficulties associated with their use. This has prompted investigation into the creation of synthetic s...

abstract among different water usage in iran, agricultural sector with 94 percent is the largest water user. considering the share of agriculture in water usage, farmers are the main factor in water resources management. therefore, optimal utilization of irrigation and drainage networks would depend on farmers’ effective role. due to the limited water resources in different country regions, inc...

the aim this research is the diagnosis of production chains in oil’s regions of iran. for this reason, by using, input-output table for oil’s regions of iran,linkages and production chains are identified. the results of research indicate that although oil and natural gas sectors contain 50 percent of region’s output, but it is not a leading sector. in contrast, manufacturing of species of machi...

in this paper, we analyze the dynamics of income gap between 138 countries with usa by using time series model of convergence hypothesis and various panel unit root tests over period 1950-2008. all panel unit root tests don’t reject the null hypothesis of unit root. univariate unit root tests results show that gdp per capita of south korea, switzerland, austria, lesoto and hungry catch up with ...

In the discussions of trading, unemployment and income distribution inequality, this question is raised by economists that in economic development of developing and developed countries, which policy is necessary in the first stage. Is trading liberalization the pre-requirement of transfer from a close economy to a relative open economy and is it necessary for the developed economy compared to o...