Presents information on the APEC 2021 Conference.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a well-recognised pathotype that causes localised and systemic infections in avian species of all ages including eggs. To develop successful intervention strategies, a deep understanding of bacterial and host factors mediating crucial processes in pathogenesis is required. Such information can only be gathered through approaches that embrace infection...

A total factor energy saving target ratio (ESTR) for seventeen APEC economies over 1991-2000 is computed in this paper. All nominal terms are transformed into real terms at the 1995 price level. The data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is used to find the energy-saving target (EST) for APEC economies without reducing their maximum potential GDPs. Energy, labor, and capital are the three inp...

We investigated the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains in Japan. A total of 117 APEC strains collected between 2004 and 2007 were examined for PMQR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qepA and oqxAB) by polymerase chain reaction. None of the APEC strains carried qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA o...

This study aimed to determine the activity of Ketapang extract (Terminalia cattapa L.) in layers infected with APEC. In vitro that was conducted dilution methods using at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% concentrations. vivo by randomly dividing 20 into five treatment groups, four per group. The chickens (except group P0−) were APEC aged 24 weeks. Then, according divided groups one week. said tre...

Colibacillosis accounts for annual multimillion dollar losses in the poultry industry, and control of this disease is hampered by limited understanding of the virulence mechanisms used by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Previous work in our laboratory has found that the presence of the increased serum survival gene (iss) is strongly associated with APEC but not commensal E. coli, maki...

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and bloody diarrhea but can lead to severe disease, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). STEC serotype O78:H(-) is rare among humans, and infections are often asymptomatic. We detected a sorbitol-fermenting STEC O78:H(-):stx(1c):hlyA in blood and fecal samples of a 2-week-old boy who had bacteremia and H...

Three hundred and fifty strains of E. coli isolated from septicemic poultry from seven states of Brazil were examined for presence of nine adhesion-encoding genes, hemagglutination and adherence to chicken tracheal cells (in vitro). Analysis of the strains by colony hybridization tests demonstrated that 93.7% of the isolates were fim +, 17% pap+ and 5.7% were sfa+. The mannose sensitive fimbria...

C. Fred Bergsten is the director of the Peter G. Peterson Institute for International Economics. He was assistant secretary for international affairs of the US Treasury (1977–81) and assistant for international economic affairs at the National Security Council (1969–71). He was chairman of APEC’s Eminent Persons Group, which developed the initial blueprint for the organization’s trade policy st...