the annihilating-ideal graph of a commutative ring $r$ is denoted by $ag(r)$, whose vertices are all nonzero ideals of $r$ with nonzero annihilators and two distinct vertices $i$ and $j$ are adjacent if and only if $ij=0$. in this article, we completely characterize rings $r$ when $gr(ag(r))neq 3$.

a connected graph g is said to be neighbourly irregular graph if no two adjacent vertices of g have same degree. in this paper we obtain neighbourly irregular derived graphs such as semitotal-point graph, k^{tℎ} semitotal-point graph, semitotal-line graph, paraline graph, quasi-total graph and quasivertex-total graph and also neighbourly irregular of some graph products.

it is necessary to generate the automorphism group of a chemical graph in computer-aidedstructure elucidation. an euclidean graph associated with a molecule is defined by a weightedgraph with adjacency matrix m = [dij], where for i≠j, dij is the euclidean distance between thenuclei i and j. in this matrix dii can be taken as zero if all the nuclei are equivalent. otherwise,one may introduce dif...

in this paper, we introduce the notions of product vague graph, balanced product vague graph, irregularity and total irregularity of any irregular vague graphs and some results are presented. also, density and balanced irregular vague graphs are discussed and some of their properties are established. finally we give an application of vague digraphs.

Let G(V;E) be a graph. The common neighborhood graph (congraph) of G is a graph with vertex set V , in which two vertices are adjacent if and only if they have a common neighbor in G. In this paper, we obtain characteristics of congraphs under graph operations; Graph :::::union:::::, Graph cartesian product, Graph tensor product, and Graph join, and relations between Cayley graphs and its c...

Gaussons: Solitons of the logarithmic Schrodinger equation. Iwo Bialynicki-Birula (Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland and Department of Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, U.S.A.); and J erzy Mycielski (Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland). Physica Scripta (Sweden) 20,539-544,1979. Properties of the Schrodinger equation...

In this research, the radial Schrodinger equation for a newly proposed screened Kratzer-Hellmann potential model was studied via conventional Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The approximate bound state solution of obtained using Greene-Aldrich approximation, in addition to normalized eigenfunction new both analytically and numerically. These results were employed evaluate rotational-vibrational partit...

The Merrifield-Simmons index of a graph is defined as the total number of the independent sets of the graph and the Hosoya index of a graph is defined as the total number of the matchings of the graph. In this paper, we give formula for Merrifield-Simmons and Hosoya indices of some classes of cartesian product of two graphs K{_2}×H, where H is a path graph P{_n}, cyclic graph C{_n}, or star gra...

‎in this paper we give a characterization for all commutative‎ ‎rings with $1$ whose zero-divisor graphs are $c_4$-free.‎

In earlier work we proposed a family of nonlinear time-evolution equations for quantum mechanics associated with certain unitary group representations. Such nonlinear Schrr odinger equations are expected to describe irreversible and dissipative quantum systems. Here we introduce and justify physically the group of nonlinear gauge transformations necessary to interpret our equations. We determin...