Introduction South Africa has enjoyed considerable success in establishing critical upstream industries based on its natural resource advantages. The broadening of these successes was muted, according to Chang (1998), by an industrial policy under apartheid burdened with objectives that ultimately undermined the development of the domestic economy. South Africa has squandered both the advantage...

Income inequality in the United States of America has increased over the past few decades. Along with this development, employee compensation as a share of national income has tended to decline, the profi t share of national income has grown, and inequality within labour has risen. There is no empirical support for the argument that greater inequality has resulted in faster productivity growth,...

Abstract Although greenhouse gases absorb primarily long-wave radiation, they also short-wave radiation. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of methane absorption, which enhances its stratospherically adjusted radiative forcing by up to ~ 15%. The corresponding climate impacts, however, been only indirectly evaluated and thus remain largely unquantified. Here we present a systematic,...

Despite calls for regulation in the crypto utility token market, it is unclear how investors value current regulatory proposals. We find that on average, react negatively to news increases likelihood of securities and transparency-related regulation. also this negative reaction attenuated tokens rated higher quality transparency by intermediaries, those have levels disclosure, listed more liqui...

In a large-scale online experiment with U.S. Democrats, we examine how the demand for newsletter about an economic relief plan changes when content is fact-checked. We first document overall muted fact-checking features stories from ideologically aligned source, even though increases perceived accuracy of newsletter. The average impact masks substantial heterogeneity by ideology: reduces among ...