Flux balance analysis (FBA) is one of the most often applied methods on genome-scale metabolic networks. Although FBA uniquely determines the optimal yield, the pathway that achieves this is usually not unique. The analysis of the optimal-yield flux space has been an open challenge. Flux variability analysis is only capturing some properties of the flux space, while elementary mode analysis is ...

Observations from the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph define the flux of the DBQ4 star LDS749B from 0.12–1.0 μmwith an uncertainty of∼1% relative to the three pure hydrogen WD primary HST standards. With Teff = 13575 K, log g = 8.05, and a trace of carbon at <1×10 of solar, a He model atmosphere fits the measured STIS fluxes within the observational noise, except in a few spectral lines wi...

Flux penetration into type-II superconducting films is simulated for transverse applied magnetic field and flux creep dynamics. The films contain macroscopic nonconducting holes, and we introduce the holes in the simulation formalism by reconstruction of the magnetic field change inside the holes. We find that the holes induce a region of reduced flux density extending toward the nearest sample...

Narrow-band radio spikes have been recorded during a solar flare with unprecedented resolution. This unique example allows us to study the effect of low resolution in previously published peak-flux distributions of radio spikes. We give a general, analytical expression for how an actual peak-flux distribution is changed in shape if the peaks are determined with low temporal and/or frequency res...