background: the positive impacts of exercise therapy on patients’ cognitive problems still remain unknown. this study was a pilot intervention to examine the effects of combined exercise on the cognitive problems of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) in iranian ms society over 2012 to 2013.   methods : this quasi-experimental research was carried out in the form of a pretest/posttest study. ...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune,  neuro- inflammatory disease  of  central nervous system affecting physical, emotional, and cognitive aspects of patients. association of vitamin d deficiency and ms has been shown in previous studies. the aim of this study was to evaluate serum vitamin d level in ms cases and their sex-matched healthy siblings (who are genetically near simi...

multiple sclerosis (ms) and allergy are believed to up regulate t helper cell type 1 (th1) and t helper cell type 2 (th2) responses, respectively. it has been shown that disequilibrium in the  ratio  of  th1/th2  activities may increase frequency of  one  disease and  decrease the frequency of the other. the aim of this study was to investigate the relation of ms with allergy and atopy in new d...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease which the exact etiology is still are far to be clear. reasons for this autoimmune disease are unknown origin. the aim of present study was to evaluate serum levels of selenium in patient with ms compare to healthy subjects. a total of 46 subjects were enrolled in the study, sera of 23 ms cases and 23 healthy normal cohorts as con...

background: the effect of nutrition in the course of multiple sclerosis (ms) is a topic of great interest. the present study was aimed to evaluate the immunoglobin e (ige) against egg and fish in ms patients compared to healthy controls. methods: between march 2012 and july 2012, 48 ms patients were selected and compared with 48 healthy subjects to assess the frequency of ige against egg and fi...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns) characterized by inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. one of its pathophysiological hallmarks is demyelination, a consequence of oligodendroglial cell death leading supply shortfall and missing electrical insulation to axons. demyelination induced consequences on neuronal network activity and subsequen...

blood brain barrier (bbb) is a specialized non fenestrate barrier that formation by the endothelial cells and controls the transportation of the cells and molecules in to the brain. reducing in function of bbb is one of disruptions in neurological diseases like multiple sclerosis. endothelial progenitor cell (epc) help to the bbb to control the diapedesis of inflammatory cells & molecules in to...

oligoclonal bands (ocb) can be detected in a significant percentage (90%) of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), however, a much lower percentage has been reported in some studies, mainly from oriental countries. on the other hand, ocb have been detected in other neurological disorders (ond), even in diseases without any definite evidence for inflammation in csf such as myasthenia gravis. th...

background multiple sclerosis (ms) is a demyelinating condition affecting the central nervous system. although the cause of this condition is unknown, patients with ms seem to have genetic vulnerability to certain environmental factors such as infection that could trigger this condition. objectives we conducted this study to determine whether ms risk increases following primary infection with e...

abstract introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease which affects the skeletal muscles and optical neural networks. weakness of ankle dorsi flexion and hip flexion muscles is commonly seen in consequence ms. the ankle foot orthosis (afo) is the most frequently prescribed orthoses to compensate for these weaknesses. it is generally believed that patients are commonly dissatis...