In our previous works, a Switching Linear Gaussian Hidden Markov Model (SLGHMM) and its segmental derivative, SSLGHMM, were proposed to cast the problem of modelling a noisy speech utterance by a well-designed dynamic Bayesian network. We presented parameter learning procedures for both models with maximum likelihood (ML) criterion. The effectiveness of such models was confirmed by evaluation e...

In this paper, we report a study on performance comparisons of discriminative training methods for phone recognition using the TIMIT database. We propose a new method of phonediscriminating minimum classification error (P-MCE), which performs MCE training at the sub-string or phone level instead of at the traditional string level. Aiming at minimizing the phone recognition error rate, P-MCE nev...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) case management training on the use of antimicrobial drugs among health-care workers treating young children at first-level facilities. Antimicrobial drugs are an essential child-survival intervention. Ensuring that children younger than five who need these drugs receive them prom...

the sensitivity analysis for multi-attribute decision making (madm) problems is important for two reasons: first, the decision matrix as the source of the results of a decision problem is inaccurate because it sorts the alternatives in each criterion inaccurately. second, the decision maker may change his opinions in a time period because of changes in the importance of the criteria and in the ...

The evaluation and selection of inappropriate open source software in learning management system (OSS-LMS) packages adversely affect the business processes and functions of an organization. Thus, comprehensive insights into the evaluation and selection of OSS-LMS packages are presented in this paper on the basis of three directions. First, available OSS-LMSs are ascertained from published paper...

Insect infestation behaves as a complex system, characterized by non-linear spatial dynamics and emergent patterns that evolve from smaller to larger spatial scales. The emerald ash borer (EAB) is an invasive species that has infested and killed millions of ash trees across North America. Existing EAB models use traditional statistical approaches that often cannot address the spatiotemporal com...

Road infrastructure developments in rural Papua New Guinea (PNG) have not picked up pace due to mountainous and difficult geographical landscape. Hence road accessibility Salt Nomane Karimui (SNK) District of Simbu province is emerged as a serious concern particularly with regard impact poor mobility on agricultural produce ability access public amenities. Governing agencies plans place for con...

Abstract One of the major challenges that populations have to face is vulnerability water: lack water, flooding, pollution, hazard sensitivity and coping capacity. Owing economic, social environmental inequalities, this paper focuses on water-related vulnerabilities in Metropolitan Region Santiago (RMS) Chile. Our main objective understand, through mapping, multiscalar logics water vulnerabilit...