The generation of effective levels of antigen-specific immunity at the mucosal sites of pathogen entry is a key goal for vaccinologists. We explored topical vaginal application as an approach to initiate local antigen-specific immunity, enhance previously existing systemic immunity or re-target responses to the mucosae. To deliver a protein vaccine formulation to the vaginal mucosal surface, we...

The influence of secretory transporters on intestinal permeability characteristics of the H2 receptor antagonists ranitidine and cimetidine was studied in Caco-2 monolayers and rat intestinal mucosa mounted in Ussing chambers. Both drugs exhibited vectorial transport across rat ileum with significantly greater (2-4-fold) permeability in the serosal-to-mucosal than the mucosal-to-serosal directi...

BACKGROUND Genital mucosae play a key role in protection from STD and HIV infection, due to their involvement in both horizontal and vertical disease transmission. High variability of published observations concerning IgA isolation and quantification underlies the strong requirement of specific methods able to maximize investigation on HIV-specific IgA. METHODOLOGY Genital fluids from 109 sub...

Mucosal surfaces regulate defenses against infection and excessive inflammation. We previously showed that human tears upregulated epithelial expression of genes encoding RNase7 and ST2, which inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa invasion of human corneal epithelial cells. Here, microRNA microarrays were used to show that a combination of tear fluid exposure (16 h) then P. aeruginosa antigens (3 h)...

background and aim: oral mucosal lesions have various prevalence rates among different populations. few studies have evaluated the frequency of oral mucosal lesions in iranian population. this study aimed to determine the frequency of oral mucosal lesions and the related factors.                        materials and methods: this descriptive study was conducted based on the data in the archives...

Despite knowledge of the effects of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) toxin 1 (TSST-1) on the adaptive immune system, little is known about stimulation of the innate immune system, particularly epithelial cells. This study investigated the interactions of TSS Staphylococcus aureus and TSST-1 with human vaginal epithelial cells (HVECs) and porcine mucosal surfaces. When cocultured with HVECs for 6 h, T...

Abstract Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) and Natural Killer (NKT) cells demonstrate that some cell transcriptional fates are driven by the antigen receptor (TCR). Though activation through TCR is integral to differentiation, contribution of sequence features other remains yet be defined. In this study, we identify how αβ V(D)J recombination affects differentiation at single-cell resolutio...

Background and Aim: Oral mucosal lesions have various prevalence rates among different populations. Few studies have evaluated the frequency of oral mucosal lesions in Iranian population. This study aimed to determine the frequency of oral mucosal lesions and the related factors.                   &nb...