tendency to najwa (religious whispering) and praying to god has been present in human soul from the time immemorial. in other words, the background of human’s god-seeking tendencies has been confirmed through historical and archeological excavations. attachment to the infinite source of being and coming to the divine threshold is a process that can be possible through prayers and that's th...

one of the controversial issues concerning the qur’ān in the contemporary era has been the claim of the existence of mythological stories in the qur’ān. primarily, muḥammad aḥmad khalaf allāh set forth this claim in his al-fann al-qaṣaṣī. one of khalaf allāh’s evidences for his claim is that on nine occasions the qur’ān has been accused of being mythical by the polytheists and the almighty god ...

Knowing the level of content Arabic textbooks at high school is important because it starting point in preparing teaching materials university level. Without knowing level, repetition can occur determining and cause delays increasing linguistic to a higher The purpose this study was analyze description general secondary based on Common European Terms Reference. In writing research, researcher u...

for the first time in the history of logic, abd al razzaq al-jili (d. 570/1174), in the treatise al-lame fi al-shakl al-rabe, dealt with the modal syllogisms of the fourth figure. previous to him, dinha, the priest, and ibn salah al-hamadani had discussed the non-modal moods of the fourth figure. jili’s treatise deals only with simple modalities and ignores the complex ones. his pupil, fakhr al...