Rats were subject to daily injections of morphine or saline and were then allowed to spontaneously withdraw from morphine for 4 days. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded continuously, via radiotelemetry, during the development of, and recovery from, opiate dependence. Injections of morphine produced pronounced and prolonged increases in MAP and HR which increase...

Morphine stimulates tumor angiogenesis and cancer progression in mice. We examined if morphine influences endothelial-pericyte interaction via platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and PDGF receptor-β (PDGFR-β). Clinically relevant doses of morphine stimulated PDGF-BB secretion from human umbilical vein endothelial cells and activated PDGFR-β and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracell...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Morphine co-injection has anti-inflammatory effects on zymosan-induced peritonitis in several strains of mice except that of CBA. As peritoneal mast cells (pMCs) are much more numerous in CBA mice than in SWISS mice, therole of pMCs in morphine-modulated zymosan peritonitis is compared in CBA and SWISS males. METHODS pMCs were treated in vitro with morphine or C48/80 for co...

BACKGROUND Morphine induces adaptive changes in gene expression throughout the reward circuitry of the brain. Here, we investigated the acute and chronic effects of morphine on mRNA levels of κ-opioid receptor in the rat mesocorticolimbic system. METHODS Three groups of rats received ip injection of saline, acute morphine (8.0 mg/kg) and repeated morphine (8.0 mg/kg, once daily for 5 consecut...

Morphine shows large interindividual variability in its pharmacokinetics; however, the cause of this has not been fully addressed. The variability in morphine disposition is considered to be due to a combination of pharmacogenetic and physiological determinants related to morphine disposition. We previously reported the effect of organic cation transporter (OCT1) genotype on morphine dispositio...

This study was designed to investigate the effect of acute and chronic intrathecal (i.t.) injection of gabapentin (GBP) on the antinociceptive effect of morphine and tolerance development using a tail-flick latency test. Levels of excitatory amino acids (EAA) in i.t. CSF dialysates were also measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Male Wistar rats were implanted with either one or t...

The relationships between the CRF, which enhances the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) biosynthesis, and POMC-derived peptides (opioids and melanocortins) might be a new target for rational treatment of morphine tolerance. In the present study, we investigated the effect of acute and chronic morphine administration on the level of CRF1 and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4-R) mRNAs in the rat amygdala by ...

Over the past two decades, opioid epidemic in United States and Canada has evidenced need for a better understanding of molecular mechanisms medications used to fight pain. Morphine fentanyl are widely opiate-mediated analgesia treatment chronic These compounds target μ-opioid receptor (MOR), class A G protein-coupled (GPCR). In light described higher efficacy with respect morphine, we have per...

Morphine is an opiate alkaloid characterized by various clinical effects, among which the most prominent are its analgesic and psychoactive effects. It also has a depressive effect on respiratory cardiovascular system. Because of effect, morphine very addictive often used as recreational narcotic. As medication, it found use agent in chronic pain treatment, hemorrhagic shock, acute heart failur...

Purpose Access to opioids for pain control is recognized as an urgent issue in low- and middle-income countries. Here we report temporal and regional trends in morphine use in Kerala, India. Methods Oral morphine use data for the State of Kerala (2012 to 2015) was used to describe temporal trends, regional variation, and provider characteristics. Total morphine use was calculated for each distr...