Addiction to alcohol is one of the main problems in society. Currently, several biochemical mechanisms underlying the development of alcoholism have been discovered. Ethanol (C2H5OH) was shown to be able to interact directly with several receptors on neural cells (nicotinic acetylcholine receptors [1], G proteingated inwardly rectifying K+ channels [2], glycine receptors [3], gamma-aminobutyric...

A middle-aged man experienced onset of transient global amnesia while undergoing an electroencephalogram. No important change in electroencephalographic activity occurred. This case provides evidence against the hypothesis that epileptic discharge is responsible for transient global amnesia.

SEE BIGLER DOI101093/AWW277 FOR A SCIENTIFIC COMMENTARY ON THIS ARTICLE: Post-traumatic amnesia is very common immediately after traumatic brain injury. It is characterized by a confused, agitated state and a pronounced inability to encode new memories and sustain attention. Clinically, post-traumatic amnesia is an important predictor of functional outcome. However, despite its prevalence and f...

We investigated the ability of amnesic patients to learn new facts (e.g., Angel Falls is located in Venezuela) and also to remember where and when the facts were learned (i.e., source memory). To assess the susceptibility of fact and source memory to retrograde amnesia, patients prescribed electroconvulsive therapy were presented facts prior to the first treatment and were tested after their se...

Objective: Present study investigates the effect of ethanolic C. tora leaves extract on cognitive function in scopolamine and electroshock induced amnesia in rats. Methods: To explore the potential effect, C. tora extract was screened by administrating three doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 14 days using scopolamine-induced amnesia model. The dose having maximum activity was selected (400 mg/...

OBJECTIVE To provide new evidence of the existence of basal forebrain amnesia, as a different entity from hippocampal or diencephalic amnesia. BACKGROUND Some authors consider that the characteristics of amnesia do not depend on lesion site, although others claim there are neuropsychologic differences between amnesias due to hippocampal, diencephalic, and basal forebrain lesions. As to the la...

Sir, We read with great interest the letter of McCorry and Crowley concerning an attack of transient global amnesia (TGA) considered secondary to herpes simplex viral encephalitis. Some features of the reported attack are unusual. The patient was a relatively young person: 39 years compared with an average age of 61 with TGA. At the beginning the patient suddenly became ‘distressed’; he realize...

mice were rendered tolerant and dependent to morphine by subcutaneous injection of morphine over a period of 5 days. the effects of acute and chronic administration of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist nifedipine on the development of tolerance and naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal signs were investigated. a single injection of nifedipine proved to be effective in inhibiting so...