Inflammation in the diabetic retina is mediated by leukocyte adhesion to the retinal vasculature and alteration of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). We investigated the role of chemokines in the alteration of the BRB in diabetes. Animals were made diabetic by streptozotocin injection and analyzed for gene expression and monocyte/macrophage infiltration. The expression of CCL2 (chemokine ligand 2...

The aim of this research is to determine whether oxidative stress induces cellular senescence in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Cultured ARPE19 cells were subjected to different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide to induce oxidative stress. Cells were seeded into 24-well plates with hydrogen peroxide added to cell medium and incubated at 37°C + 5% CO2 for a 90-minute period [at 0, 300...

Autologous bone grafts are widely used in oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthopedics, and traumatology. Autologous bone grafts not only replace missing bone, they also support the complex process of bone regeneration. This favorable behavior of autografts is attributed to the three characteristics: osteoconductivity, osteogenicity, and osteoinductivity. However, there is another aspect: Bone g...

We present neutron scattering measurements of the phonon-roton excitations of superfluid 4He held at negative pressures from zero to -5 bar. The liquid was stretched to negative pressures by immersing it in the porous medium MCM-41. In the wave vector range 0.35< or =Q< or =1.55 A(-1) and temperature T=0.4 K investigated, the phonon and maxon energies decrease systematically below bulk values a...

Neuroblastomas are biologically heterogeneous tumors that consist of two main cell populations: neuroblastic/ganglionic cells and Schwann cells. The amount of Schwannian stroma strongly impacts prognosis, and favorable outcome is associated with tumors that are Schwannian stroma rich/stroma dominant. At the present time, there is controversy regarding the origin of Schwann cells in neuroblastom...

background: the cells of mammalian female reproductive tract have been widely used for in vitro fertilization (ivf). this study was designed to study the effects of oviductal epithelial cells (oecs) and their conditioned medium during ivf on subsequent embryonic development and the relative abundance of zygote arrest 1 (zar1) transcript in ovine zygotes. methods: the in vitro matured ovine oocy...