We investigate the problem of placing a given number of monitors in a hybrid communication network to identify the maximum number of link metrics from end-toend measurements between monitors, assuming that link metrics are additive, and measurement paths cannot contain cycles. Motivated by our previous result that complete identification of all link metrics can require a large number of monitor...

Non-Functional Properties (NFPs) are crucial in the design of software. Specification of systems is used in the very first phases of the software development process for the stakeholders to make decisions on which architecture or platform to use. These specifications may be analyzed using different formalisms and techniques, simulation being one of them. During a simulation, the relevant data i...

Psychophysical and physiological studies of vision have traditionally used cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors to present stimuli. These monitors are no longer easily available, and liquid crystal display (LCD) technology is continually improving; therefore, we characterized a number of LCD monitors to determine if newer models are suitable replacements for CRTs in the laboratory. We compared the s...

PURPOSE Consumer-based physical activity (PA) monitors are popular for individual tracking of PA variables. However, current research has not examined how these monitors track energy expenditure (EE) and steps in distinct activities. This study examined the accuracy of the Fitbits One, Zip, and Flex and Jawbone UP24 for estimating EE and steps for specific activities and activity categories. ...

We examine the determinization of monitors. We demonstrate that every monitor is equivalent to a deterministic one, which is at most doubly exponential in size with respect to the original monitor. When monitors are described as CCS-like processes, this doubly-exponential bound is optimal. When (deterministic) monitors are described as finite automata (as their LTS), then they can be exponentia...

A novel theory of reflective consciousness, will and self is presented, based on modeling each of these entities using self-referential mathematical structures called hypersets. Pattern theory is used to argue that these exotic mathematical structures may meaningfully be considered as parts of the minds of physical systems, even finite computational systems. The hyperset models presented are hy...

Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS, previously known as vegetative state) occurs after patients survive a severe brain injury. Patients suffering from UWS have lost awareness of themselves and of the external environment and do not retain any trace of their subjective experience. Current data demonstrate that neuronal functions subtending consciousness are not completely reset in UWS; howev...

Raphaël Liégeois1, Mohamed Bahri2, Mattia Zorzi1,3, Steven Laureys2 and Rodolphe Sepulchre1,3 1 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Liège, Belgium 2 Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Belgium 3 Department of Engineering, Trumpington Street, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom Email : {R.Liegeois, M.Bahri, MZorzi, Steven.L...

Anesthetists frequently provide intraoperative muscle relaxation in addition to general anesthesia. However, visual interpretation of the effect of neuromuscular blocking drugs is not always possible. This study examined two alternative methods (electromyography/electrocardiography [EMG/ECG] and mechanical/ECG) of interpreting neuromuscular blockade and compared these methods to visual interpre...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the past, time, cost, information, training, and the evaluation of the plane of anesthesia limited the acceptance of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). The objective of this study was to determine the attitude of anesthesiologists and other anesthesiology residents regarding total intravenous anesthesia. METHODS A questionnaire was sent to 150 anesthesiologists ...