Abstract Skin diseases have affected a significant proportion of the population throughout history, royalty being no exception. On reviewing monarchs over centuries, underlying health conditions can be gleaned from their reported skin and physical appearance. In 14th century, King Henry IV seized throne his cousin Richard II. was debilitated by disease thought to leprosy or severe psoriasis, be...

This study investigates the role of national independence and women's political participation on population health using historical lifespan data from Norway. We use time-series methods to analyze data measuring the actual length of time lived by Norwegian birth cohorts spanning a 61 year period surrounding the political emancipation of Norway from Sweden in 1905 and the establishment of a Norw...

This paper proposes a new approach by combining the Evolutionary Algorithm and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm. This approach tries to capture several people involved in community development characteristic. People live in different type of communities: Monarchy, Republic and Autocracy. People dominion is different in each community. Research work has been undertaken to deal with curse of dim...

document to the officer in charge. Then letters were distributed to addressees. (Delamere, op. cit., vol. 1, pp. 668-69). 9. Ibid., vol. 1, pp. 675-78. 10. La Reynie had considerable authority over health and sanitation and enforced measures against plague in the capital. Since jurisdictional confusion and duplication were normal, it is scarcely surprising that the monarchy chose Ch&telet offic...

The study presents the possibilities and framework for cooperation between towns in Hungary through operation of Town League Upper Hungary. Kingdom happened primarily regional relations. At first, basis was provided by common economic interests, but this area broadened considerably sixteenth seventeenth centuries. After battle Mohács (1526), became full members Hungarian Estates. Hungary, which...