The largest demographic in India suffering from the adverse impacts of global climate change are small farmers. India’s rural population is approximately 800 million, with the majority being households dependent on small-scale agriculture. For these smallholders, facing a common rural reality of disempowerment and limited disposable household capital, the agro-ecological results of climate vola...

The southeastern Australian climate and climate variability is driven primarily by large-scale climate dynamics. How these dynamics translate into local effects is influenced by the nature of the landscape, the vegetation, soil moisture, fire, snow, irrigation and orography. This local land-atmosphere coupling can enhance or moderate the large-scale dynamics and have significant influences loca...

Mediterranean climate is found on five continents and supports five global biodiversity hotspots. Based on combined downscaled results from 23 atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) for three emissions scenarios, we determined the projected spatial shifts in the mediterranean climate extent (MCE) over the next century. Although most AOGCMs project a moderate expansion in the globa...

The circulation response of the atmosphere to climate change–like thermal forcing is explored with a relatively simple, stratosphere-resolving general circulation model. The model is forced with highly idealized physics, but integrates the primitive equations at resolution comparable to comprehensive climate models. An imposed forcing mimics the warming induced by greenhouse gasses in the low-l...

The climate sensitivity of the Community Climate System model is described in terms of the equilibrium change in surface temperature due to a doubling of carbon dioxide in a slab ocean versions of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) and the transient climate response, which is the surface temperature change at the point of doubling of carbon dioxide in a 1% per year CO 2 simulation with the fu...

One of the most dramatic consequences of climate change will be the intensification and increased frequency of extreme events. I used numerical simulations to understand and predict the consequences of directional trend (i.e. mean state) and increased variability of a climate variable (e.g. temperature), increased probability of occurrence of point extreme events (e.g. floods), selection pressu...

The climate sensitivity of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) is described in terms of the equilibrium change in surface temperature due to a doubling of carbon dioxide in a slab ocean version of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) and the transient climate response, which is the surface temperature change at the point of doubling of carbon dioxide in a 1% yr 1 CO2 simulation with the f...

1 Sustainability Observatory of Andorra (OBSA), Pl. Germandat 7, Sant Julià de Lòria AD600, Andorra 2 Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (CSIC), Av. Montañana 1005, Zaragoza 50059, Spain 3 Sustainability Measurement and Modeling Lab (SUMMLab), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EET, 08222 Barcelona, Spain Abstract: Winter tourism is the main source of income and the driving force of local...

The persistence and geographic expansion of dryland forests in the 21st century will be influenced by how climate change supports the demographic processes associated with tree regeneration. Yet, the way that climate change may alter regeneration is unclear. We developed a quantitative framework that estimates forest regeneration potential (RP) as a function of key environmental conditions for ...

in this paper, according to the data of 17 weather stations in khuzestan during 1951–2012, the trend of climate changes and its severity were evaluated. a consistent correlation was highlighted for trends of de martonne index as indicator of climate and temperature index in some stations. based on the results of the temperature analysis, 88.31% of the province became warmer, 6.3% became colder,...