collection of multiple processes that increase the chronological age of an organism leading to death is defined as aging, and even though important, it is poorly understood. recent research has shown that aging is due to biochemical and genetic changes, in interaction with environmental effects, including diet and nutrition. most knowledge on aging is based on ge­netic model system, but its mol...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a serious disease of the nervous system, in which brain and spinal cord cannot communicate properly with muscles to coordinate body’s movements. Consequently, gradually stop working things like walking, eating, breathing, speaking become more difficult. Many aspects ALS remain mystery, but we know that cells called neurons run out energy patients, resultin...

Tumor suppressor gene p53 and its aggregate have been found to be involved in many angiogenesis-related pathways. We explored the possible aggregation formation mechanisms commonly occur after ischemic stroke, such as hypoxia presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The angiogenic pathways involving mainly nucleus or cytoplasm, with one exception that occurs mitochondria. Considering high mit...

Abstract Mitochondria are organelles central to myriad cellular processes. To maintain mitochondrial health, various processes co-operate at both the molecular and organelle level. At level, mitochondria can sense imbalances in their homeostasis adapt these by signaling nucleus. This mito-nuclear communication leads expression of nuclear stress response genes. Upon external stimuli, also alter ...

Mitochondria has emerged as a critical ruler of metabolic reprogramming in immune responses and inflammation. In the context colitogenic T cells IBD, there been increasing research interest pathways glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, glutaminolysis. These have shown to play crucial role cells, leading increased inflammatory cytokine production tissue damage. addition reprogramming, mitochondrial d...

cigarette smoking is one of the main risk factors for premature human death associated to a variety of respiratory and vascular diseases, and cancer due to containing hundreds of toxicants. rat mitochondria were obtained by differential ultracentrifugation and incubated with different concentrations (1, 10 and 100%) of standardized cigarette smoke extract (cse). our results showed that cigarett...

sperm is produced by the testis and mature in the epididymis. for having a successful conception, the fertilizing sperm should have functional competent membranes, intact acrosome, functional mitochondria and an intact haploid genome. the effects of genetic and environmental factors result in sperm vulnerability to damage in the process of spermatogenesis and maturation. in recent years, the fe...