In this paper we discuss a heuristically control led approach to combining reasoning w i th cases and reasoning w i th rules. Our task is interpretat ion of under-defined terms that occur in legal statutes (like the Internal Revenue Code) where certain terms must be applied to part icular cases even though their meanings are not defined by the statute and the statutory rules are unclear as to s...

Physicians who are impaired, engage in unprofessional behavior, or violate laws may be barred from further practice. Likewise, medical students may be dismissed from medical school for many infractions, large and small. The welfare of patients and the general public must be our first priority, but when we assess physicians and students who have erred, we should seek to respond as caringly and f...

Although observers of human behavior have long been aware that people regularly struggle with internal conflict when deciding whether to behave responsibly or indulge in impulsivity, psychologists and economists did not begin to empirically investigate this type of want/ should conflict until recently. In this article, we review and synthesize the latest research on want/should conflict, focusi...