We consider the problem of constructing Steiner minimum trees for a metric defined by a polygonal unit circle (corresponding to σ ≥ 2 weighted legal orientations in the plane). A linear-time algorithm to enumerate all angle configurations for degree three Steiner points is given. We provide a simple proof that the angle configuration for a Steiner point extends to all Steiner points in a full S...

A new optimization method is presented to search for the global minimum-energy conformations of polypeptides. The method combines essential aspects of the build-up procedure and the genetic algorithm, and it introduces the important concept of ‘‘conformational space annealing.’’ Instead of considering a single conformation, attention is focused on a population of conformations while new conform...

there have been several efforts in the literature to extract as much information as possible from the financial networks. most of the research has been concerned about the hierarchical structures, clustering, topology and also the behavior of the market network; but not a notable work on the network filtration exists. this paper proposes a stock market filtering model using the correlation - ba...

ABSTRACT Objectives: Evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of kyphosis measurement in thoracolumbar spine traumatic fractures by different assessment methods types fractures. Methods: Fifteen spine, previously classified into A, B, C according to Magerl’s classification, were evaluated. The value was measured using five methods: (1) Cobb angle; (2) Gardner’s method; (3) back wall (4) ang...

background: abnormal angulation of the lunate can be an indication of intercarpal pathology. on magnetic resonance images (mris) the lunate often looks dorsally angulated, even in healthy wrists. the tilt on individual slices can also be different and might be misinterpreted as pathological, contributing to inaccurate diagnoses and unnecessary surgery. the primary aim of this study was to deter...

A planar straight-line graph which causes the non-termination Ruppert’s algorithm for a minimum angle threshold α ' 29.5 is given. The minimum input angle of this example is about 74.5 meaning that failure is not due to small input angles. Additionally, a similar non-acute input is given for which Chew’s second algorithm does not terminate for a minimum angle threshold α ' 30.7. For a non-acute...

Dispersion, as the characteristic variation of refractive index with wavelength, is more pronounced, where the wavelength is approaching to the absorption band. In ultra-optical glasses, the nonlinear refractive index, concerning to the light intensity dependent phenomenon, becomes considerable. Here, two ultra-optical property glass systems; TiO2-Bi2O3-PbO (TBP...

This document discusses a numerical analysis method for low thrust trajectory propagation known as the proximity quotient or Q-Law. The process uses a Lyapunov feedback control law developed by Petropoulos [1] to propagate trajectories of spacecraft by minimizing the user defined function at the target orbit. A simplified propagator is created from the core mechanics of this method in MATLAB an...

Neutron small angle scattering experiments were performed on human hemoglobin in various mixtures of Hz0 and DzO. It was possible to observe the inter-particle effect without corrections for resolution and to verify the first minimum and the secondary maximum in accordance with the theoretical scattering curve. The accuracy in determining the radius of gyration has been improved over that deter...

We propose a method for measuring the black hole charge by imaging a black hole shadow in a galactic center by future interferometers. Even when the black hole is uncharged, it is possible to confirm the charge neutrality by this method. We first derive the analytic formulae of the black hole shadow in an optically thin medium around a charged spinning black hole, and then investigate how conto...