Renewable biomass and biomass derived fuels could readily replace fossil fuels in many of the present energy utilization applications with concomitant environmental benefits. Gasification is a form of biomass energy conversion producing a fuel that could substitute for fossil fuels in high efficiency power generation and CHP applications. While fossil fuel resources are heavily concentrated in ...

As the serious effects of global climate change become apparent and access to fossil fuels becomes more limited, metabolic engineers and synthetic biologists are looking towards greener sources for transportation fuels. In recent years, microbial production of high-energy fuels by economically efficient bioprocesses has emerged as an attractive alternative to the traditional production of trans...

Quantification of the downed woody materials that comprise forest fuels has gained importance in Caribbean forest ecosystems due to the increasing incidence and severity of wildfires on island ecosystems. Because large-scale assessments of forest fuels have rarely been conducted for these ecosystems, forest fuels were assessed at 121 US Department of Agriculture forest service inventory plots o...

Plastics are not easily biodegradable; and because of these characteristics they can remain under landfill and water for a very long period of time. All over the world only 6% of waste plastics are recycled and the rest of all waste plastics are dumped into landfills. An experiment was conducted in a laboratory scale batch process under Labconco’s fume hood utilizing low density polyethylene (L...

The production of renewable fuels is continuing to expand worldwide as a result of increasing petroleum prices, government regulations, and commitments to greenhouse gas reduction. There has been little integration of renewable fuels production within petroleum refineries to date, despite the rapidly increasing growth in renewable fuels demand. The segregated production of renewable fuel compon...

BACKGROUND Exposure to household air pollution from cooking with solid fuels in simple stoves is a major health risk. Modeling reliable estimates of solid fuel use is needed for monitoring trends and informing policy. OBJECTIVES In order to revise the disease burden attributed to household air pollution for the Global Burden of Disease 2010 project and for international reporting purposes, we...

Since the relationship between the supply and demand of fossil fuels is on edge in the long run, the contradiction between the economic growth and limited resources will hinder the sustainable development of the Chinese society. This paper aims to analyze the input of fossil fuels in China during 2000-2010 via the material flow analysis (MFA) that takes hidden flows into account. With coal, oil...

CO(2) emissions from the burning of fossil fuels are conventionally attributed to the country where the emissions are produced (i.e., where the fuels are burned). However, these production-based accounts represent a single point in the value chain of fossil fuels, which may have been extracted elsewhere and may be used to provide goods or services to consumers elsewhere. We present a consistent...

Biodiesel, defined as monoalkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats (Scheme 1), is a promising alternative fuel for use in compression-ignition (diesel) engines and is being produced or used commercially in numerous countries around the world, including the United States, Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Malaysia, and Sweden. It is generally known that vegetable oils wer...

Biomass derived fuels are preferred as alternative fuels for IC engine due to its abundant availability and renewable nature. In the present work, the complete replacement of diesel fuel with bio-fuels is studied, where the bio-fuels, namely, methyl ester of palm kernel oil and eucalyptus oil were chosen and used as fuel in the form of blends. Various proportions of palm kernel oil and eucalypt...