Introduction: Studies in high-income countries suggest that mortality is related to economic cycles, but few studies have examined how fluctuations in the economy influence mortality in lowand middle-income countries. We exploit regional variations in gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) over the period 1980–2010 in Colombia to examine how changes in economic output relate to adult mortali...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of a programme of manual therapy and exercise treatment compared with placebo treatment delivered by physiotherapists for people with chronic rotator cuff disease. DESIGN Randomised, participant and single assessor blinded, placebo controlled trial. SETTING Metropolitan region of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. PARTICIPANTS 120 participants with chron...

ft was a new experience to go into a psychiatric hospital in middle age (informally?I was free to leave at any time), and to be in the care of a consultant of the 'electro-convulsive therapy and tablet' school. It was a very good hospital, yet I chose not to return to it. Were the circumstances unusual in my case or have other patients experienced the same disappointment? These are some of the ...

OBJECTIVE To provide data on consultation rates in general practice for middle aged men over three years according to their age and social class. DESIGN Prospective study of men over eight years. Data on consultation rates during years 6-8 were collected retrospectively from practice records. SETTING Over 1000 general practices in Great Britain by year 8. Initially (in 1978-80) the men had ...

This article, which is based on panel data from the Retirement History Study, analyzes the economic status of widows in late middle age. Its objectives are threefold: (1) To describe the income, labor-force, and demographic characteristics of widows 2 to 3 years before they become eligible for old-age benefits under the old-age, survivors, and disability insurance (OASDI) program; (2) to examin...

The current research had 2 aims: (1) to determine the cross-sectional age differences in self-concept clarity during adulthood and (2) to examine the importance of social role experiences for age differences in self-concept clarity. These aims were addressed in 2 large samples of adults ranging in age from 18 to 94 years. In both studies, self-concept clarity had a curvilinear relation to age s...

In this paper, we examine the role of impatience in the formation of human capital – arguably the most important investment decision individuals make during their lifetimes. We pay particular attention to a set of investment behaviors that cannot be explained solely by variation in exponential discount rates. Using data from the NLSY and a straightforward measure of impatience, we find that imp...

At least since the middle ages physicians have been interested in the relationship of man to his work but it was not until the beginning of the nineteenth century in Great Britain that this was recognised in legislation. Following the passing of the Health and Morals of Apprentices Act in 1802, in the absence of a registry of births, doctors were appointed to certify that the apparent age of yo...

One manifestation of age-related declines in vascular function is reduced peripheral (limb) blood flow and vascular conduction at rest and in response to vasodilatory stimuli such as exercise and feeding. Since, even in older age, resistance exercise training (RET) represents an efficacious strategy for increasing muscle mass and function, we hypothesized that likewise RET would improve age-rel...

This work essentially represents two parts of a whole. Part one is a medical chronology and the reader is taken on an odyssey, as we chart the evolution of medicine from prehistoric times, through the ancient world, the middle ages, and into our modern world. Goddard writes with impressive authority, and reveals a deep love for learning, not just about medicine, but civilization. The author als...