Uncontrolled population growth and increased consumption of fossil fuels have led to the emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases. This is mostly a concern for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide because of its impact on global climate change1,2. The presence of carbon dioxide in the natural gas mixture can lead to lower heating value of gas, corrosion of processin...

Polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM) fuel cells have higher efficiency and energy density and are capable of rapidly adjusting to power demands. Effective water management is one of the key issues for increasing the efficiency of PEMFC. In the current study, a three-dimensional(3D) lattice Boltzmann model is developed to simulate the water transport and oxygen diffusion in the gas diffusion layer(...

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are an important alternative to fossil fuels and a complement batteries for the electrification of vehicles. However, their high cost obstructs commercialization, catalyst material, including its synthesis, constitutes one major components. In this work, Pt–Ni Pt–Ni–Mo(O) nanoparticles (NPs) varying composition have been synthesized in single step by...

This is a report on the extraction of molybdenum(VI) ions using a supported liquid membrane, prepared by dissolving in kerosene, the extractant Alamine 336 (a long-chain tertiary amine) employed as mobile carrier. A flat hydrophobic microporous membrane was utilised as solid support. Appropriate conditions for Mo(VI) extraction through the liquid membrane were obtained from the results of liqui...

Membrane separation systems require no or very little chemicals compared to standard unit operations. They are also easy to scale up, energy efficient, and already widely used in various gas and liquid separation processes. Different types of membranes such as common polymers, microporous organic polymers, fixed-site-carrier membranes, mixed matrix membranes, carbon membranes as well as inorgan...

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenators are comprised of large bundles of microporous hollow ®ber membranes (HFMs) across which oxygen and carbon dioxide are transferred to and from blood. Long term use of extracorporeal oxygenators is limited by plasma leakage through the pores of the HFM walls, requiring replacement of the oxygenator. Condensation of water vapor on the pore walls is thought to be...

One of the most important problems in development proton exchange membrane fuel cells remains selection an efficient electrocatalyst support capable providing a low loading active metal with minimal changes electrochemical surface, electronic conductivity, and activity. In this work, carbon nanotube arrays (CNTAs) grown directly on commercial gas diffusion layers (GDLs) are used to form electro...