Past land use can impart soil legacies that have important implications for ecosystem function. Although these legacies have been linked with microbially mediated processes, little is known about the long-term influence of land use on soil microbial communities themselves. We examined whether historical land use affected soil microbial community composition (lipid profiles) and whether communit...

The degradation of organic carbon in subseafloor sediments on continental margins contributes to the largest reservoir of methane on Earth. Sediments in the Andaman Sea are composed of ~ 1% marine-derived organic carbon and biogenic methane is present. Our objective was to determine microbial abundance and diversity in sediments that transition the gas hydrate occurrence zone (GHOZ) in the Anda...

CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells include two major subgroups. The most widely studied are Vα14Jα18(+) invariant NKT (iNKT) cells that recognize the prototypical α-galactosylceramide antigen, whereas the other major group uses diverse T-cell receptor (TCR) α-and β-chains, does not recognize α-galactosylceramide, and is referred to as diverse NKT (dNKT) cells. dNKT cells play importan...

BACKGROUND Oligocelluloses and oligoxyloses are partially hydrolyzed products from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis. Biomass hydrolysates usually contain monosaccharides as well as various amounts of oligosaccharides. To utilize biomass hydrolysates more efficiently, it is important to identify microorganisms capable of converting biomass-derived oligosaccharides into biofuels or biochemicals...

In recent years, the study of gut microbiota and host lipid metabolism has received widespread attention. Firstly, diversity compositions are significantly altered in animal models lipodystrophia or human clinical trials, can also be regulated by reshaping using fecal bacteria transplantation, probiotics, nutritional interventions. In this paper, we discuss link between microbes m...

Obesity and its co-morbidities, such as fatty liver disease, are increasingly prevalent worldwide health problems. Intestinal microorganisms have emerged as critical factors linking diet to host physiology and metabolic function, particularly in the context of lipid homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that deletion of the cytoplasmic lipid drop (CLD) protein Perilipin-2 (Plin2) in mice larg...

Phytochemicals show many desirable functions such as anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-ageing, activities and so on.These biological can only be seen when the compounds are delivered at sufficient concentrations. However, bioavailability of phytonutrients suffers from their limited absorption, transformation, rapid clearance circulation. In this review, we...

Abstract Lipids are among the organic substances that can work as biosignatures, indicating life in an environment. We present experimental investigation concerning analysis of lipids from a microbial source deposited on Mars Global Simulant (MGS-1) regolith by geomatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (GALDI-MS). Our results indicate intact cells black yeast strain be de...

Wildfire in California annual grasslands is an important ecological disturbance and ecosystem control. Regional and global climate changes that affect aboveground biomass will alter fire-related nutrient loading and promote increased frequency and severity of fire in these systems. This can have longterm impacts on soil microbial dynamics and nutrient cycling, particularly in N-limited systems ...

The animal cell is a unique system in which the functioning of its constituent molecules interdependent and coordinated, violation this coordination fatal for cell. One example mutual regulation membrane proteins, whose activity depends on their interaction with lipids. This review reminds us crucial importance lipid component membranes normal function, particular looks at role "cholesterol" co...