The objective of this study was to use (15)N to label microbial cells to allow development of equations for estimating the microbial contamination in ruminal in situ incubation residues of forage produced under tropical conditions. A total of 24 tropical forages were ruminal incubated in 3 steers at 3 separate times. To determine microbial contamination of the incubated residues, ruminal bacter...

BACKGROUND Administration of parenteral doses with microbial contamination can lead to infective morbidity or death. AIM To test whether aseptic preparation of parenteral doses or additives to sterile doses undertaken in dedicated pharmaceutical rather than clinical environments reduces the risk of microbial dose contamination. METHODS Data identified from a systematic review were examined ...

BACKGROUND Hospital cleaning practices are critical to the prevention of nosocomial infection transmission. To this end, cloth towels soaked in disinfectants are commonly used to clean and disinfect hospital surfaces. Cloth cleaning towels have been linked to an outbreak of Bacillus cereus and have been shown to reduce the effectiveness of commonly used quaternary ammonium disinfectants. Thus, ...

The gum elastic bougie is a simple device that is used to assist in the management of the difficult intubation. It is not uncommon for a bougie to be re-used many times. This study investigated the incidence of microbial contamination of the bougies in one hospital. Potentially pathogenic organisms were identified both on the bougies and in their storage containers. This has implications for th...

The specific structure of dental units favours the presence of biofilm and microbial contamination of the dental unit waterlines (DUWL) water. The ability of bacteria to colonize surfaces and to form biofilm in water supply tubes, including DUWL, is a common phenomenon, which has been well documented, just as with difficulties in biofilm removal and prevention of its regrowth. Microorganisms fr...

The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of selected factors in relation to total bacterial counts (TBC) in bulk milk samples. Milk samples were tested in nine cowsheds of seven farms for a period of one year. The TBC values were determined by the automated estimation of bacterial counts in cow’s raw milk by directly counting the bacterial cells on a BactoScan 8000 apparatus. Th...

India is currently producing over 77 million tone fruits and over 150 million tone vegetables per year, and is one of the leading country in horticulture. The cases of food borne illness are also increasing every year, which needs our special attention. Raw fruits and vegetables were collected from market to identify the presence of any pathogenic microbes (Bacteria and fungi). As a result, som...

AIMS/BACKGROUND Preservatives are added to multidose eyedrop containers to ensure that the eyedrops do not become heavily contaminated during patient use. This enables eyedrops to be used for up to 1 month after opening. However, patients are frequently required to use unpreserved eyedrops as their eyes are unable to tolerate these preservatives. Some commercial unpreserved unit dose eyedrops a...

Retrospective and prospective studies were used to assess the numbers, types and persistence of microbes that contaminate wind instruments. All previously played instruments (n = 20) harbored viable bacteria as well as mold and/or yeast. Reedinstruments consistently carried higher microbial loads than did flutes or trumpets. Instruments played within the previous three days bore typical mouth f...