In a previous study we have shown that public buses in Oporto, the second largest city in Portugal, were highly contaminated with MRSA. Here we describe the results of a similar study performed in another urban area of Portugal-Lisbon, the capital. Between May 2011 and May 2012, hand touched surfaces of 199 public buses in Lisbon were screened for MRSA contamination. Subsequently, the hands of ...

addition, both PVL-positive spa t034 isolates contained genes associated with hlb-converting phages, namely sak, chp and scn. Although we did not have detailed epidemiological information on all nine patients, it is notable that three of the patients in this study had recent exposure to pigs. In other settings, isolation of CC398 MRSA has been strongly associated with exposure to livestock, inc...

OBJECTIVE This study was performed to understand the epidemiology of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections in southern New England children. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of children 0 to 18 years old with MRSA isolated by the Rhode Island Hospital microbiology laboratory (Providence, RI) between 1997 and 2001...

OBJECTIVES We unexpectedly identified MRSA isolates carrying mecC (mecC-MRSA) from a Danish swine farm located in eastern Zealand. The objective of the present study was to investigate the origin of these isolates and their genetic relatedness to other mecC-MRSA isolates from Zealand. METHODS WGS was used to infer the phylogenetic relationship between 19 identified mecC-MRSA isolates from the...

During routinely screening (50.000 milk samples on an annual basis) 14 MRSA ST398 strains were identified in the period of January 2008 to September 2008 in 14 different dairy herds located in the provinces Overijssel and Gelderland, The Netherlands. Molecular analysis was performed by Cfr9I PFGE, ST398-specific diagnostic PCR, spa typing, SCCmec typing and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) gen...

Recently, we [E.M.C. D’Agata, G.F. Webb, M.A. Horn, R.C. Moellering Jr., and S. Ruan, Modellingthe invasion of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus into the hospital setting, Clin. Infect. Dis. 48 (2009), pp. 274–284] proposed a deterministic mathematical model to characterize the factors contributing to the replacement of hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphy...

We report recurrent bacteremia due to mixed infection with two clonally derived isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in a patient with Sezary syndrome. The two isolates, one gentamicin resistant and methicillin susceptible and the other gentamicin susceptible and methicillin resistant, developed by the deletion of the mecA, ant(4')Ia, and aacA-aphD genes from a common gentamicin-resistant and meth...

INTRODUCTION Recently a specific MRSA sequence type, ST398, emerged in food production animals and farmers. Risk factors for carrying MRSA ST398 in both animals and humans have not been fully evaluated. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated factors associated with MRSA colonization in veal calves and humans working and living on these farms. METHODS A sample of 102 veal calf farms we...

methods. Outbreak control was accomplished by the use of active surveillance cultures for persons at risk, by the preemptive isolation of patients at risk, and by the strict isolation of known MRSA carriers and the eradication of MRSA carriage. For unexpected cases of MRSA colonization or infection, patients placed in strict isolation or contact isolation and healthcare workers (HCWs) were scre...

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has become a matter of concern worldwide, in particular in the USA. For the analysis of emergence and spread, clear definitions based on epidemiological origin are needed for discrimination between CA-MRSA, healthcare-associated community MRSA, and healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA). Although its role in pathogenesis i...