The Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) constellation is designed to provide observations of surface wind speed in and near the inner core of tropical cyclones with high temporal resolution throughout the storm’s life cycle. A method is developed for estimating tropical cyclone integrated kinetic energy (IKE) using CYGNSS observations. IKE is calculated for each geographically b...

The production of textual forecasts by professional meteorologists is a time-constrained activity requiring the interaction of knowledge about meteorology, knowledge about language and knowledge about the conventions used to communicate the right amount of weather information to meet the needs of diverse user communities. In situations where forecasts are written manually, the time spent compos...

The occurrence of various meteorological phenomena, such as fog or low cloud cover, has significant impact on many human activities as air or ship transport operations. The management of air traffic at the airports was the main reason to design effective mechanisms for timely prediction of these phenomena. In both these cases meteorologists already use some physical models based on differential...

Operational meteorology involves the application of accumulated human expertise. When developing intelligent systems for operational meteorologists, three aspects of forecasting should be considered, namely: forecasting relies on a variety of techniques; experts convey their knowledge with fuzzy terms; and data are often imprecise. No single artificial intelligence (AI) technique is best for al...

Hurricane Andrew’s landfall in south Florida left a swath of destruction, including many failed anemometer recording systems. Extreme destruction led to exaggerated claims of the range of wind speeds that caused such damage. The authors accumulated all available data from surface platforms at heights ranging from 2 to 60 m and reconnaissance aircraft at altitudes near 3 km. Several procedures w...

This paper presents the visualization eeort of the REINAS (Realtime Environmental Information Network Analysis System) project. REINAS is a continuing engineering research and development system with the goal of designing, developing and testing an operational prototype system for data acquisition, data management , and visualization. It includes a growing web of networked remote and in-situ in...

In his seminal 1976 paper on \Stochastic Climate Models", K. Hassel-mann proposed to improve deterministic models for the \climate" (slow variables) by incorporating the innuence of the \weather" (fast variables) in the form of random noise. We will recast this program in the language of modern probability theory as follows: While the transition from a GCM (general circulation model) to an SDM ...

The Western Mediterranean in general and Catalonia in particular are usually affected by high impact weather (HIW) events, mainly heavy rain (HR) and strong wind (SW). The improvement in the understanding and the accurate forecast of such events are major concerns for the meteorologists of the region. In the present study, HR and SW events in Catalonia are cross-referenced with an objective cyc...

Urban environmental measurements and observational statistics should reflect the properties generated over an adjacent area of adequate length where homogeneity is usually assumed. The determination of this characteristic source area that gives sufficient representation of the horizontal coverage of a sensing instrument or the fetch of transported quantities is of critical importance to guide t...

Climate strongly affects agriculture and livestock production and influences animal diseases, vectors and pathogens, and their habitat. Global warming trends predicted in the 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) report for South America are likely to change the temporal and geographical distribution of infectious diseases, including those that are vector-borne such as bluetong...