Bird pollination has evolved repeatedly among flowering plants but is almost exclusively characterized by passive transfer of pollen onto the bird and by nectar as primary reward [1, 2]. Food body rewards are exceedingly rare among eudicot flowering plants and are only known to occur on sterile floral organs [3]. In this study, we report an alternative bird pollination mechanism involving bulbo...

A majority of the thin-walled components subjected to intensive plastic straining at cryogenic temperatures are made of stainless steels. The examples of such components can be found in the interconnections of particle accelerators, containing the superconducting magnets, where the thermal contraction is absorbed by thin-walled, axisymetric shells called bellows expansion joints. The stainless ...

This paper describes the design and performance of the OmniTread serpentine robot, developed at the University of Michigan. Serpentine robots are mobile robots that comprise of multiple rigid segments, connected by actuated joints. The segments usually have drive elements, such as wheels or tracks. To date, we have developed two versions of the OmniTread. The larger version, called “OT-8,” has ...

Abstract The Future Circular Collider FCC-ee aims at unprecedented luminosities to be obtained with the crab-waist collision scheme. In this paper we describe mechanical model of interaction region layout including its assembly procedure. After a discussion on requirements and constraints, present engineered design vacuum chamber cooling system, bellows, vertex outer tracker detectors their int...

Introduction The LGE method can visualize post-ablation scar in the LA, using increased spatial resolution (1-2). However, the inversion pulse required for LGE also nulls the liver signal at the time of data acquisition (optimal TI time), so that NAV-gating, used for respiratory compensation, becomes impossible. The NAV-restore (3), which reinverts the region of the liver immediately after the ...

BACKGROUND A design concept of low-cost, simple, fully mechanical model of a mechanically ventilated, passively breathing lung is developed. An example model is built to simulate a patient under mechanical ventilation with accurate volumes and compliances, while connected directly to a ventilator. METHODS The lung is modelled with multiple units, represented by rubber bellows, with adjustable...