The Neuro-Hat device is proposed to integrate theory and technology to help discover the causes of mental disorders and provide for future therapeutic brain-pacing technology. “Neuro” signifies NeuroAnalysis Clinical Brain Profiling, and the “Hat” refers to a head-mounted sensors platform that captures psychiatric phenomenology (i.e., mental status examination) and EEG brain activity. Thus the ...

Shunt malfunction is a life-threatening cause of altered mental status and ventriculomegaly in patients with shunted hydrocephalus. While shunt should be highest on the differential for such patients, there may additional toxic/metabolic derangements that are contributing to their presentation not overlooked. Here we present case 41-year-old woman dependent hydrocephalus presenting intracranial...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) plays a key role in modern psychiatric research. It provides a means to assay differences in brain systems that underlie psychiatric illness, treatment response, and properties of brain structure and function that convey risk factor for mental diseases. Here we review recent advances in fMRI methods in general use and progress made in understanding t...

The functional equivalence of overt movements and dynamic imagery is of fundamental importance in neuroscience. Here, we investigated the participation of the neocortical motor areas in a classic task of dynamic imagery, Shepard and Metzler's mental rotation task, by time-resolved single-trial functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). The subjects performed the mental-rotation task 16 times...

Congenital prosopagnosia (cPA) is a selective impairment in the visual learning and recognition of faces without detectable brain damage or malformation. There is evidence that it can be inherited in an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. We assessed the capacity for visual mental imagery in 53 people with cPA using an adapted Marks' VVIQ (Vividness of Visual Imaging Questionnaire). The mea...

We review the literature on the relation between whole brain size and general mental ability (GMA) both within and between species. Among humans, in 28 samples using brain imaging techniques, the mean brain size/GMA correlation is 0.40 (N = 1,389; p < 10(-10)); in 59 samples using external head size measures it is 0.20 (N = 63,405; p < 10(-10)). In 6 samples using the method of correlated vecto...

INTRODUCTION Neurological complications are quite frequent in patients after solid organ transplantation presenting with focal or generalized neurologic symptoms as well as altered mental status. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a rare cliniconeuroradiological entity characterized by headache, altered mental status, cortical blindness, seizures, and other focal neurological signs...

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigate the variation in dynamical complexity of human brain activity for different mental loads. Our experiments measured the activity of ten subjects under three experimental conditions: a rest condition, a periodic task of finger opposition, and a task of finger opposition alternated with mathematical serial calculation. We used the correla...

Criminal convictions require proof that a prohibited act was performed in a statutorily specified mental state. Different legal consequences, including greater punishments, are mandated for those who act in a state of knowledge, compared with a state of recklessness. Existing research, however, suggests people have trouble classifying defendants as knowing, rather than reckless, even when instr...

How do preferences change when consumers focus on the anticipated satisfaction with a purchase rather than choice? In a series of three studies, we show that preferences, both expressed and revealed, change depending on the degree to which anticipated satisfaction is evoked. These shifts in preferences arise because, compared to choice, anticipated satisfaction elicits a mental-imaging processi...