introduction: having a desirable image in a market can be considered as an asset for an organization. therefore, using proper approaches, managers of such organizations must monitor and manage the image of their organizations in order to achieve their organizational goals and their customer’s satisfaction. as an important sector of every society, managers of hospitals also must try their best t...

spastic paraplegia 18 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, joint contracture and mental retardation. we describe two families as three cases. case 1 is a 35-year-old woman with and spasticity and mild weakness in lower limbs. case 2 and 3 are a sister and brother aged six and two respectively. the older sister suffered from lower limb spasticity, equinovarus an...

abstract background: this study aims to explore the relationship between religiosity and psychological well-being of caregivers of stroke survivors in shiraz, iran. materials and methods: a purposive sample of 96 family members, which included 34 daughters-in-law and 62 daughters, who were caring for severe impaired stroke survivors were enrolled in the study. results: the results showed a sign...

abstract introduction: since balance maintenance is one of the indices of determining independence in older people, identifying factors that have some effects on it appears to be an interesting research issue. the aim of this study was to compare the effects of aquatic training; mental training and concurrent training (both aquatic and mental training) on balance in normal elderly males. materi...

mental health problems including emotional and behavioral problems during puberty may be under influence of different risk factors including cultures, living in urban or rural areas and ethnic factors which may vary between different countries. the main aim of this study is to investigate the profile of emotional and behavioral problems and the role of factors such as age, stage of puberty, eth...

objective:  to evaluate the frequency of different psychiatric disorders among 7 to 12 years old children in urban areas of tehran. method: a sample of 799 children (6 to 11 years old) were selected from 250 clusters of the entire 22 municipality areas of tehran using a multistage sampling method from 250 clusters from the entire 22 municipality areas of tehran.. after responding to a persian v...

objective: wars' stress and violence can have tremendous effects on children's and adolescents' health and general well being; it may result in patterns of bio-psychosocial problems. the goal of this study was to compare emotional and behavioral problems in afghan refugees and war-zone adolescents. method: one hundred and eighty high school students (90 students in the refugee group and 90 in t...

all people have experience about anxiety in their lives and it is natural when facing with reactional threatening situations. but chronic and intense feeling is unusual in absence of clear cause. anxiety includes uncertainty, helplessness and physiological arousal feelings. generally anxiety is a diffuse, very unpleasant and often vague concern feeling. clinical studies of war veterans over the...

introduction: leisure activities are common among the elderly, however the effect of such activities on their mental health is poorly defined and not underpinned by strong evidence. this study aims to determine the prevalence of leisure activities and its relation to mental health in the elderly. methods: a cross- sectional study was conducted and 400 community dwelling older adults 60 years an...

conclusions this study can be used as a guide for further studies, especially longitudinal studies. it would also be worthwhile to do more studies in different age groups, because research in this area is limited. results there was a significant difference between the study groups in the mean scores on 9 psychological disorders. the mean score of the global severity index in periodontitis patie...