CONTEXT Age at menarche (AgeM) is earlier in African-American (AA) than in European-American (EA) girls. Neither the physiological cause nor the health implications of this difference are known. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypotheses that higher insulin among AA vs. EA precipitates an earlier elevation of estradiol (E2), an associated earlier AgeM, and greater gain in body fat. SETTING The stud...

Menstruation is one of the things that many girls or teenage fear. Those who are not aware occurrence changes in body and its reproductive processes, can suppose menstruation diseases occurs on her affects physical mental health. It happens to given knowledge understanding correct menstruation, as a normal function. ready face menarche will experience fear, anxiety, surprise, sadness, disappoin...

Menstrual cycles are a key driver of reproductive events in women, which is a physiological process and associated with the ability to reproduce. A period, or menstruation, marks the beginning of the process by which the uterus, or womb, prepares itself for pregnancy. Each month the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, is shed from the body, producing a period, and a new lining is grow...

Prior research indicates that being reared in a stressful environments is associated with earlier onset of menarche in girls. In this research, we examined (a) whether these effects are driven by exposure to certain dimensions of stress (harshness or unpredictability) during the first 5 years of life, and (b) whether the negative effects of stress on the timing of menarche are buffered by secur...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the timing of puberty between various geographic locations and different ethnicities. METHODS This national survey was conducted in 20 provinces in Iran. Healthy Iranian girls were selected from public schools using cluster random sampling. A total number of 30 clusters including 7493 girls, aged 6.0-20 years, were selected. In order to compare different...

Background: Epidemiological studies reporting the effect of small fetuses (SF) on puberty development have shown inconsistent results. Objective: To examine current study evidence and determine the strength and direction of the association between SF and puberty timing. Methods: PubMed, OVID, Web of Science, EBSCO, and four Chinese databases were searched from their date of inception to Februar...

Arch Dis Child January 2011 Vol 96 No 1 111 illustrates that black girls, but also probably Turkish girls and those of mixed ethnicities, are likely to have early pubertal maturation compared to white girls. Girls could access sanitary towels in 91% of schools but only on asking, with none available in toilets. Most schools (95%) provided sanitary bins but mainly only in designated toilets. Int...

UNLABELLED Puberty is an important developmental stage wherein hormonal shifts mediate the physical and physiological changes that lead to menarche, but until now, the bacterial composition of vaginal microbiota during this period has been poorly characterized. We performed a prospective longitudinal study of perimenarcheal girls to gain insight into the timing and sequence of changes that occu...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the relation of age at menarche to overweight in US adolescent girls. METHODS Effects of age at menarche and race/ethnicity on overweight were estimated via logistic regression, after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, in a sample of 6507 Hispanic, Black, White, and Asian American girls who participated in wave 2 of the National Longitudinal Study ...

OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness of luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) analogues in improving final height in girls affected by early puberty. PATIENTS Forty six consecutive girls with onset of puberty aged 7.5-8.5 years randomly divided into two groups: one treated with 3.75 mg triptorelin intramuscularly every four weeks (group 1); and the other with no treatment (group 2). ...