Introduction: Certain types of chronic mental stress impair memory. On the other hand, crocin is introduced in the medical literature as an effective component of saffron with remedial effects on memory impairment. This study investigated the effects of crocin on spatial and cognitive memories, locomotor activity, novel recognition conditions and serum corticosterone levels in rats under chroni...

Globally, it is estimated that nearly 10 million people sustain severe brain injuries leading to hospitalization and/or death every year. Amongst survivors, traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in a wide variety of physical, emotional and cognitive deficits. The most common cognitive deficit associated with TBI is memory loss, involving impairments in spatial reference and working memory. Howev...

Introduction: The plethora of studies indicated that there is a cross talk relationship between harmaline and serotonergic (5-HT) system on cognitive and non-cognitive behaviors. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the effects of hippocampal 5-HT4 receptor on memory acquisition deficit induced by harmaline.  Methods: Harmaline was injected peritoneally, while 5-HT4 receptor ago...

Background and Objective: It has been shown that the opioidergic system exerts widespread effects on cognitive functions. Interactions between opioid and serotonin receptors have been reported in some brain structures such as the dorsal hippocampus, thus a functional interaction between opioids and serotonin seems possible concerning memory control. The purpose of this study was to assess the e...

Recall of remote episodic memory was assessed in three types of amnesic patient whose remote semantic memory had been evaluated previously. Patients with Korsakoff's syndrome, case N.A. and patients receiving electroconvulsive therapy all succeeded in recalling specific autobiographical episodes in response to single-word cues, and in many conditions performed as well as control subjects. Their...

The 53-year-old female patient had suffered massive subarachnoid bleeding due to rupture of left-localized aneurysm of the anterior communicant artery. Following the neurosurgical intervention, deterioration of consciousness related to strong vasospasm occurred. Cerebral CT examination was performed, showing a 0.5 cm ischaemic lesion of the left hippocampal fornix. Due to intensive therapy, the...

The hippocampus is critical for spatial learning and memory. Hippocampal neurons in awake animals exhibit place field activity that encodes current location, as well as sharp-wave ripple (SWR) activity during which representations based on past experiences are often replayed. The relationship between these patterns of activity and the memory functions of the hippocampus is poorly understood. We...

Deficits in memory consolidation have been reported in adult patients with epilepsy but, not to our knowledge, in children. We report the long-term follow-up (9 y. o. to 18 y. o.) of a boy who suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy and underwent a left temporal lobectomy with amygdalo-hippocampal resection at the age of 10. He showed an abnormal forgetting rate when trying to encode new informati...

Patients with phonologic alexia show impaired pseudoword (PW) reading, and frequently are impaired in reading functors and words with affixes. Phonological alexia has been attributed to a disturbance in the orthography to phonology reading route. Alternatively, it has been hypothesized that the deficit is one of phonologic processing not specific to reading, consistent with the frequent concomi...