Several metal nanoparticles have been developed for medical application. While all their benefits, gold (AuNPs) are ideal in cancer therapy and diagnosis as they chemically inert minimally toxic. studies shown the potential of AuNPs therapeutic field, photosensitizing agents sonochemical photothermal drug delivery, well diagnostics theranostics. Although there is a significant number reviews on...

Despite the advancements made in drug delivery systems over the years, many challenges remain in drug delivery systems for treating chronic diseases at the personalized medicine level. The current urgent need is to develop novel strategies for targeted therapy of chronic diseases. Due to their unique properties, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology has been recently engineered as im...

Myocardial infarction (MI) and subsequent heart failure secondary to the massive lost of cardiomyocyte is a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. Given the limited endogenous potential for renewal of cardiomyocytes in adults, cardiac cell-based therapies generating new cardiomyocytes and vessels have emerged as a promising treatment to reverse functional deterioration and prevent t...

Nanomedicine is a promising application of nanotechnology in medicine, which can drastically improve drug delivery efficiency through targeted delivery. However, characterization of the nanoparticle targeted delivery process under vascular environment is very challenging due to the small scale of nanoparticles and the complex in vivo vascular system. To understand such complicated system, vario...

Stem cells play a special role in the body as agents of self-renewal and auto-reparation for tissues and organs. Stem cell therapies represent a promising alternative strategy to regenerate damaged tissue when natural repairing and conventional pharmacological intervention fail to do so. A fundamental impediment for the evolution of stem cell therapies has been the difficulty of effectively tar...

Background: The need for convenient ways to access technology is expanding. A plethora of apps now exist to make daily life easier for the common person. The medical field has begun to integrate apps into the diagnostic tool set in order to improve human medicine. This form of personal care not only makes patient visits easier for both patient and practitioner because tests and check ups are pe...

The pathogenesis of common diseases, such as metabolic diseases, is caused by the complex and individual interplay of many susceptibility genes, which necessitates both personalized diagnosis and therapy. Small-molecule drugs which adequately address the multiple tissue-specific target proteins affected probably will not become available in near future. In contrast, therapeutic proteins, such a...

Medical research continues to illuminate the origins of many human diseases. Gene therapy has been widely proposed as a novel strategy by which this knowledge can be used to deliver new and improved therapies. Viral gene transfer is relatively efficient but there are concerns relating to the use of viral vectors in humans. Conversely, nonviral vectors appear safe but inefficient. Therefore, the...

Understanding the biology of cancer at the cellular and molecular levels, and the application of such knowledge to the patient, has opened new opportunities and uncovered new obstacles to quality cancer care delivery. Benefits include our ability to now understand that many, if not most, cancers are not one-size-fits-all. Cancers are a variety of diseases for which intervention may be very diff...

Genetic medicines that induce angiogenesis represent a promising strategy for the treatment of ischemic diseases. Many types of nonviral delivery systems have been tested as therapeutic angiogenesis agents. However, their delivery efficiency, and consequently therapeutic efficacy, remains to be further improved, as few of these technologies are being used in clinical applications. This article ...