background  buccal fat pad is known as anatomic structure in between the masticatory muscles that separate these muscles from each other and surrounding bone. ease of access, through the intraoral route makes it suitable choice for obtaining adipose derived stem cells. methods  intraoral incisions for getting access to the buccal fat of pad are; retromolar incision, incision in medial of pteryg...

The pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) represents a major pathway of spread of malignancy and infection from the head and neck into the skull base. The ability to precisely locate tumor and infection on CT and MR imaging studies is crucial for performing biopsies and planning treatment. Determining the exact margins of the PPF is problematic, because they are not strictly defined even in the anatomic ...

Removal of an impacted maxillary third molar is a simple and easy procedure for an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon. Nevertheless, complications are possible and include infection, facial swelling, trismus, wound dehiscence, root fracture or even orosinusal fistula. Iatrogenic displacement into the infratemporal fossa is frequently mentioned but rarely reported. This anatomical fossa includes sev...

PURPOSE To subclassify parapharyngeal extension in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and investigate its prognostic value and staging categories based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS AND MATERIALS Data from 1504 consecutive NPC patients treated with definitive-intent radiotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. Sites of parapharyngeal extension were defined by MRI. Overall survival (...

INTRODUCTION The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate contractile and non-contractile content of lower leg muscles of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and determine the relationships between non-contractile content and functional abilities. METHODS Lower leg muscles of thirty-two boys with DMD and sixteen age matched unaffected controls were imaged. Non-contractile con...

OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine whether a passive stretch stimulus by means of a functional appliance induces changes in the fiber composition of masticatory muscles and whether these changes are similar to the changes in stretched limb muscle fibers by using RT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical assays. METHODS Five male New Zealand White rabbits were fitted with a p...

During embryogenesis, paraxial mesoderm cells contribute skeletal muscle progenitors, whereas cardiac progenitors originate in the lateral splanchnic mesoderm (SpM). Here we focus on a subset of the SpM that contributes to the anterior or secondary heart field (AHF/SHF), and lies adjacent to the cranial paraxial mesoderm (CPM), the precursors for the head musculature. Molecular analyses in chic...

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the mid- and long-term effects of Kinesio-taping (KT) on individuals with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD).
 Methods: Thirty-three patients were randomly divided into two groups: group 1 is control; 2 KT group. treatment was applied in six sessions (one session/week) for 6 weeks. At months, visual analogue scale (VAS) values range motion jaw be...

Purpose: The proper neuromuscular recruitment patterns of hip and knee muscles are essential for dynamic stabilization of the knee. According to the kinematic chain, weakness in the performance of one motor segment can affect other segments of motion. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the isometric strength of selected muscles of lower extremities in the hyperpronated foot with t...

During standing, age-related differences in the activation of ankle muscles have been reported from surface electromyograms (EMGs) sampled locally. Given though activity seems to distribute unevenly within ankle muscles, the local sampling of surface EMGs may provide a biased view on how often and how much elderly and young individuals activate these muscles during standing. This study aimed th...