Leaves are the major biomass-producing organs in herbaceous plants and mainly develop during vegetative stage by activities of shoot apical meristem. There is a strong correlation between leaf number and bolting, a characteristic phenotype during the transition to reproductive phase in Arabidopsis thaliana. In order to study interactions between leaf number and bolting, we isolated a Landsberg ...

Science serves its readers as a forum for the presentaBef( tion and discussion of important issues related to the adfedera vancement of science, including the presentation of minority or conflicting points of view, rather than by pubwith p lishing only material on which a consensus has been and th reached. Accordingly, all articles published in Scienceincluding editorials, news and comment, and...

We find a close correspondence between certain partition functions of ideal quantum gases and certain symmetric polynomials. Due to this correspondence it can be shown that a number of thermodynamic identities which have recently been considered are essentially of combinatorical origin and known for a long time as theorems on symmetric polynomials. For example, a recurrence relation for partiti...

As the Internet has become a big business, its performance has become an important question. Several companies have started monitoring Internet performance, many ISPs now conduct internal performance measurements, and there are also independent organizations such as RIPE that conduct regular performance monitoring of ISPs. The exact form of measurements may vary, but typically they are based on...

In this paper we voice concerns about the uncritical manner in which the mean is often used as a summary statistic in psychological research. We identify a number of implicit assumptions underlying the use of the mean and argue that the fragility of these assumptions should be more carefully considered. We examine some of the ways in which the potential violation of these assumptions can lead u...

We used 52 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions and developed a new set of 137 recombinant inbred lines between Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Nossen (No-0) to explore the genetic basis of phytochrome-mediated responses during deetiolation. Unexpectedly, most accessions showed weak or moderate hypocotyl growth and cotyledon unfolding responses to pulses of far-red light (FR). Crosses betwe...