Data from Spanish and Italian olive orchards with different cultivars (‘‘Manzanilla’’, ‘‘Frantoio’’, ‘‘Leccino’’, ‘‘Razzola’’ and ‘‘Taggiasca’’) growing in different environments (southern Spain; north, centre and south of Italy) were used to illustrate how models on water use and photosynthetic behaviour of the olive tree can be useful tools for choosing pruning intensity and canopy shape for ...

Steady-state and transient one-dimensional unsaturated flow in vertically stratified porous media are examined. Saturated hydraulic conductivity and the alpha parameter of the exponential hydraulic conductivity function were assumed to vary from soil layer to soil layer. The use of effective unsaturated hydraulic conductivity to compute matric potential in the soil profile is demonstrated. Resu...

centration. We did this because it is well established that the FC is driven by soil texture. However, to avoid confusion and to focus on our findings we removed the term “soil texture” when explaining the driving factors and used FC only. We remind that field capacity (crosses in Figure 4) were determined with the measurements of the matric potential and soil moisture from the relevant depth (...

Water potential (Psiomega) values were determined for aqueous colloids of four molecular sizes of polyethylene glycol (PEG) using freezing-point depression and vapor-pressure deficit methods. A significant third-order interaction exists between the method used to determine Psiomega, PEG molecular size, and concentration. At low PEG concentrations, freezing-point depression measurements result i...

A dual-probe heat pulse (DPHP) sensor is a robust tool that can measure soil thermal properties and associated physical processes. new DPHP based was developed to simultaneously properties, water content matric potential. series of experiments were performed evaluate the performance. The able each property with acceptable accuracy. accuracy potential determinations approximately 10% in log scal...