Flagellins evoke strong innate and adaptive immune responses. These proteins may play a key role as radioprotectors, exert antitumoral activity in certain types of tumor and reduce graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Notwithstanding, flagellins are highly immunogenic, and repeated use leads to their neutralization by systemic antibodies. This n...

The paralytic shellfish toxin (PST)-producing dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum grows in association with a complex marine bacterial community that is both essential for growth and can alter culture growth dynamics. Using a bacterial community replacement approach, we examined the intracellular PST content, production rate, and profile of G. catenatum cultures grown with bacterial communitie...

BACKGROUND The application of chemical dispersants as a response to marine oil spills is raising concerns related to their potential toxicity also towards microbes involved in oil biodegradation. Hence, oil spills occurring under marine environments necessitate the application of biodispersants that are highly active, stable and effective under marine environment context. Biosurfactants from ma...

In the study which was conducted in Bingöl, Diyarbakır and Muş provinces of Turkey between 2016-2022, 12 species eight genera from families Sphecidae Mutillidae were identified. These are: Ammophila hungarica Mocsary, 1883, Hoplammophila clypeata (Mocsáry, 1883), Podalonia fera (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845), hirsuta (Scopoli, 1763), luffii (E. Saunders, 1903), Sceliphron arabs destillator...