This paper presents an object categorization method. Our approach involves the following aspects of cognitive vision : machine learning and knowledge representation. A major element of our approach is a visual concept ontology composed of several types of concepts (spatial concepts and relations, color concepts and texture concepts). Visual concepts contained in this ontology can be seen as an ...

One primary utility of animated maps is their ability to depict change over time and space; unfortunately, recent research suggests that humans frequently fail to perceive changes within dynamic graphics. However, different types of dynamic graphics include different manifestations of change. For example, an animated proportional-symbol map possesses different change properties than an animated...

We consider the completely positive map on the Toeplitz operator system given by conjugation by a composition operator; that is, we analyze operators of the form C∗ φTfCφ We prove that every such operator is weakly asymptotically Toeplitz, and compute its asymptotic symbol in terms of the Aleksandrov-Clark measures for φ. When φ is an inner function, this operator is Toeplitz, and we show under...

Iterative decoding of a serial concatenated coding scheme consisting of an outer convolutional code and M -ary orthogonal Walsh modulation as inner Walsh-Hadamard block code in an OFDM-CDMA system is applied. New aspects arise because OFDM enables the iterative decoding structure to exploit time as well as frequency diversity of a mobile channel. Moreover, the paper points out the low complex s...

Abstmct An iterative algorithm is presented for joint equalization and decoding of data that has been transmitted over intersymbol interference (ISI) channels. This differs from well-known “turbo e q u a l h tion” (TEQ) methods, in that the IS1 is removed with a soft-input soft-output (SISO) equalizer via linear or decision feedback equalization (DFE). The data is encoded with a convolutional c...

Conventional spread spectrum communication methods essentially map a discrete symbol from an alphabet to a length-N real valued sequence, which represents a point in the N-dimensional signal constellation. The real valued sequence is in turn transmitted over a communications channel. However, communication schemes for the purpose of multimedia steganography (or data hiding) have to transmit the...

expression is provided for Gray-coded rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation (R-QAM) signals. The characteristics of Gray code mapping such as symmetries and repeated formats of the bit assignment in a symbol among bit groups are applied effectively for the simplification of the LLR expression. In order to reduce the complexity of the max-log-MAP algorithm for LLR calculation, we replace t...

Electronic maps (E-maps) provide people with convenience in real-world space. Although web map services can display maps on screens, a more important function is their ability to access geographical features. An E-map that is based on raster tiles is inferior to vector tiles in terms of interactive ability because vector maps provide a convenient and effective method to access and manipulate we...

Many monkeys adopt abstract response strategies as they learn to map visual symbols to responses by trial and error. According to the repeat-stay strategy, if a symbol repeats from a previous, successful trial, the monkeys should stay with their most recent response choice. According to the change-shift strategy, if the symbol changes, the monkeys should shift to a different choice. We recorded...

Proportional symbol maps are a cartographic tool to assist in the visualization and analysis of quantitative data associated with specific locations (earthquake magnitudes, oil well production, temperature at weather stations, etc.). Symbol sizes are proportional to the magnitude of the quantities that they represent. We present a novel integer programming model to draw opaque disks on a map wi...