Effects of prolonged ingestion of glucose and ethanol on the rate of fatty acid synthesis by liver and adipose tissue have been investigated in male rats. Ethanol significantly enhanced the rate of fatty acid synthesis from malonyl-2-(14)C CoA in liver cell sap; glucose feeding enhanced the rate of fatty acid synthesis from both malonyl-2-(14)C and acetyl-1-(14)C CoA. Neither dietary supplement...

An enzymatic method has been developed for the measurement of malonyl-CoA in perchioric acid extracts of liver. With this method the relative activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase have been studied in vivo by comparing the diet-induced changes in malonyl-CoA concentrations with rates of 3Hz0 incorporation into fatty acids. Malonyl-CoA concentrations were low in the fat-...

The fatty acid synthetase of pigeon liver catalyzes the conversion of acetyland malonyl-coenzyme A to long chain saturated fatty acids in the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. The major product of the reaction is palmitic acid, but small amounts of other long chain fatty acids are also formed. The over-all reaction for the synthesis of palmitic acid is: 1 acetyl-C...

The synthesis of long chain fatty acids from acetate in mammalian, extramitochondrial ("solu-ble") systems requires three enzymatic steps: 1) the activation of acetate to form acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), 2) the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA by the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase to form malonyl-coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA), and 3) the subsequent complex series of serial condensations of malonyl-CoA...

ABSTRACT Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) carboxylase (ACCase) plays a central role in carbon metabolism and has been the site of action for the development of therapeutics or herbicides, as its product, malonyl-CoA, is a precursor for production of fatty acids and other compounds. Control of Acc1 activity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurs mainly at two levels, i.e., regulation of tran...

446 TDRAs, through the partial and group response coefficients, confirm that, under every condition that we have studied, malonyl-CoA exerts its effects over the pathway via CPT I. These conclusions apply only to our system and our conditions. Yet our TDCAs in a more physiological system, including ketone body and ATP synthesis in coupled mitochondria, show that in state 3 CPT I has most of the...