Guessing occurs on forced-choice (FC) tests for which responses cannot be based on relevant knowledge. Its importance is in inverse relation to the level of knowledge being measured, so that it becomes an increasing component of test scores as the level of knowledge decreases. It is also used as a benchmark to detect simulated impairment. This investigation examined the role of guessing in a 2-...

RATIONALE Artifacts or simulated diseases are self-inflicted conditions caused by various means and for different purposes. Disease simulation can be motivated, among other things, by illegal purposes, to escape from civil duties or prison sentences, for example, or to exploit specific situations in order to receive a range of benefits. In such cases, the simulator is fully aware of his or her ...

Seyed Mehdi Saberi1, Mohammad-Reza Karimi1, Ardeshir Sheikhazadi2, Mazaher Ghorbani2, Ali Pasha Meysamie3, Zeynab Nasri Nasrabadi2 and Sayed Mahdi Marashi2* 1Department of Psychiatry of Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran 2 epartment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3Department of Community Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Scie...

Two student groups, introductory psychology (n=91) and advanced neuroscience (n=34) undergraduates, were asked to malinger a head injury on Rey's 15-Item Test (FIT) and Dot Counting Test (DCT). The participants were randomly assigned to one of three motivation conditions (no motivation given, compensation, avoidance of blame for a motor vehicle accident) and to one of three coaching conditions ...

Four studies created malingering and response bias scales for a new test battery, the Attachment and Clinical Issues Questionnaire (ACIQ). In the first calibration study, a new approach to identifying fake good and fake bad respondents was outlined. In Study 2, this scale was cross validated in a within-subjects design that also found only weak correlations between the scales of the ACIQ and me...

The utility of various measures of malingering was evaluated using an analog design in which half the participants (composed of three groups: naive healthy people, professionals working with head-injured people, individuals who suffered a head injury but not currently in litigation) were asked to try their best and the remainder was asked to feign believable injury. Participants were assessed w...

The effect of a warning regarding detection of simulated cognitive and motor deficits on the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R; Wechsler, 1987) and Grooved Pegboard (Klove, 1963; Matthews & Klove, 1964) was examined. Undergraduates (N = 87) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: simulators without warning, simulators with warning, and controls. It was predicted that warning parti...