To better understand precursors of dicarboxylic acids in ambient secondary organic aerosol (SOA), we studied C4–C9 present SOA formed from the oxidation toluene, naphthalene, α-pinene, and isoprene. were analyzed by offline derivatization gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. We revealed that C4 including succinic acid, maleic fumaric malic DL-tartaric meso-tartaric acid are produced photooxida...

Organic strawberry fruits (Cv. 'Albion') were harvested at six different ripening stages and evaluated for physical and chemical parameters. Biometrical characteristics and moisture content did not change significantly during ripening. Total soluble solids, pH and colour development increased while titratable acidity and fruit firmness decreased 14.7% and 91%, respectively. Fructose, glucose, a...

Authenticity and traceability are two issues of great importance to quality food safety in the industry. For wine producers authorities, it is essential know how detect adulterations because one alcoholic beverages most prone adulteration, as indicated by European Commission. Fondillón important naturally sweet Spanish wines certainly core Alicante PDO. a that be adulteration due its limited pr...

184.1005 Acetic acid. 184.1007 Aconitic acid. 184.1009 Adipic acid. 184.1011 Alginic acid. 184.1012 α-Amylase enzyme preparation from Bacillus stearothermophilus. 184.1021 Benzoic acid. 184.1024 Bromelain. 184.1025 Caprylic acid. 184.1027 Mixed carbohydrase and protease enzyme product. 184.1033 Citric acid. 184.1034 Catalase (bovine liver). 184.1061 Lactic acid. 184.1063 Enzyme-modified lecithi...

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the influence of malic acid supplementation on ruminal fermentation. In Trial 1, six Holstein steers (300 kg) with ruminal cannulas were used in a crossover design experiment to study the influence of malic acid (MA) on ruminal metabolism during glucose-induced lactic acidosis. Treatments consisted of a 77% steam-flaked barley-based finishing diet supplemen...

The Western diet is characterized by a high intake of SFA relative to PUFA, and the consumption of n-3 PUFA is decreased relative to n-6 PUFA. Therefore, there has been much interest in recent years in ways to manipulate the fatty acid composition of meat. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of dietary extruded linseed, an n-3 PUFA source, on growth performance, carcass comp...

Changes in the environment as a result of industrialisation and urbanisation impact negatively on plant growth crop production. Cadmium (Cd) is one most dangerous metals that enters food chain, with toxic effects plants human health. This study evaluated potential Silene sendtneri novel hyperaccumulator role seed priming tolerance accumulation rate Cd. The effect different agents germination pe...

Malolactic enzymes (MLE) are known to directly convert L-malic acid into L-lactic acid with a catalytical requirement of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD (+) ) and Mn ( 2+) ; however, the reaction mechanism is still unclear. To study a MLE, the structural gene from Oenococcus oeni strain DSM 20255 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, yielding 22.9 kU l (-1) fermentation broth...

Fern spermatozoids respond chemotactically to concentration gradients of malic or maleic acid salts (Pfeffer, 1884). They respond weakly to salts of a few other dicarboxylic acids, but do not respond to succinate or fumarate (Shibata, 1911; Rothschild, 1956). Previous workers concluded, without adequate justification, that the malate ion, and not the undissociated malic acid molecule, is chemot...

Acid stress is a challenging condition that yeast cells must overcome during fermentation. Enhancing the inherent tolerance of industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae to organic acid stresses crucial for increasing fermentation efficiency and reducing economic costs. In previous study, we constructed strain SWY85S with improved citric by modifying second PEP4-allele. Malic dominant in grapefruit, w...